Infrastructure — Economics STD 12 Commerce — Question

"High growth alone is not sufficient to reduce poverty." Do you agree? Justify your answer.

Justify that energy crisis can be overcome with the use of renewable sources of energy.

Keeping in view the present scenario, what should be the objectives of education in India?

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from 1 to 4.
The revolutionary, 'Billion-litre idea' and execution of the world's largest dairy-agricultural development programme, 'Operation Flood' transformed India from a nation with potential in the dairy industry to a nation with massive production of milk and dairy products.
Operation Flood is the programme initiated by the National Dairy Development Board to speed up "the White Revolution." It created a national milk grid linking producers throughout India with consumers in over 700 towns and cities, reducing seasonal and regional price variations while ensuring that the producer gets a major share of the price, consumers pay, by cutting out middlemen.
The bedrock of Operation Flood that made the White Revolution a success, was village milk producers' cooperatives, which procured milk and provided inputs and services, making mode management and technology available to members.

1. Operation Flood was initiated in:

1. 1965
2. 1966
3. 1967
4. 1968

2. Operation Flood is based on the model of....................?

1. cooperative marketing
2. regulated marketing
3. Both [a] and [b]
4. None of the above

3. Operation Flood was first commenced in..............?

1. Gujarat
2. Andhra Pradesh
3. Uttar Pradesh
4. Bihar

4. Operation Flood is an example of............. of productive activity in the rural areas.

1. centralisation
2. diversification
3. Both [a] and [b]
4. None of the above

Is it necessary to generate employment in the formal sector rather than in the informal sector? Why?

Why there was need for economic reforms?

Which are the areas that need fresh initiatives for development in India?
OR
What are the key issues in rural development?

What is 'Organic farming'? Mention any two advantages of organic farming in India.

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from 1 to 4.
The government is planning to enhance welfare schemes for villagers by making sure that all eligible people in various database in different ministries get benefits.
Officials said they have begun the process by looking at the Aadhar-based list of ration card holders and the rural development ministry's data on deprived household.
"The convergence of data will help in mapping the eligible people in rural areas who are still not covered under Food Security Act that provides rice and wheat at subsidised prices. At the same time, it will bring a fair picture of rural households in the country which are deprived of basic amenities. This will also help government to reach out to people who are in need", said a food ministry official. The government has database of more than 800 million beneficiaries covered under Food Security Act. It has implemented 'one nation one ration card' scheme in 28 states and 8 union territories covering 686 million people where a person can get subsidised foodgrains from any ration shop irrespective of the State, Municipality or Panchayat where the person is registered.
Source: The Economic Times, November 19, 2020

1. Rice and wheat are provided at............. prices.

1. Normal
2. Higher
3. Subsidized
4. None of these

2. Food Security Act implemented:

1. one tax one nation
2. one nation one ration card
3. demonetization
4. None of the above

3. Rural households are............. of basic amenities.

1. Privileged
2. Deprived
3. Spoiled
4. None of these

4. Officials have begun the process by working at the ............. use of ration card holders.

1. PAN
2. Aadhar
3. Voter card
4. None of these

Briefly explain the role of buffer stocks in the context of agricultural marketing.