Question
What do you meant by hyperconjugation? Explain it and explain hyperconjugation in ethyl carbocation.
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Answer
In hyperconjugation, resonance of $\sigma$ bond exist. Hence it is also known as $\sigma$ bond resonance. In this delocalization of electrons occurs in $C - H$ bond of the alkyl group directly bonded to the atom of an unsaturated system or the atom having unshared orbital. Therefore, the $\sigma$ electrons of $C - H$ bond of alkyl group show partial conjugation with the adjacent unsaturated body or unshared orbital. It is a permanent effect.
In ethyl carbocation following structures are obtained by hyperconjugation :
In ethyl carbocation following structures are obtained by hyperconjugation :
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