CBSE BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 HumanitiesPsychologySensory, Attentional And Perceptual Processes5 Marks
Question
What factors influence perception?
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Answer
Motivation: People want to fulfil their needs and desires through various means. One way to do this is to perceive objects in a picture as something that will satisfy their needs.
Expectations: The expectations about what we might perceive in a given situation also influence our perception. This phenomenon of perceptual familiarisation or perceptual generalisation reflects a strong tendency to see what we expect to see even when the results do not accurately reflect external reality.
Cognitive styles: Cognitive style refers to a consistent way of dealing with our environment. It significantly affects the way we perceive the environment. There are several cognitive styles that people use in perceiving their environment. One most extensively used in studies is the “field dependent and field independent" cognitive style. Field dependent people perceive the external world in its totality, i.e., in a global or holistic manner. On the other hand, field independent people perceive the external world by breaking it into smaller units, i.e., in an analytic or differentiated manner.
Cultural background and experiences: Different experiences and learning opportunities available to people in different cultural settings also influence their perception.
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