Molecular Basis of Inheritance — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

We have learnt following salient features of human genome from the Human Genome Project.

1. The human genome contains 3164.7 million nucleotide bases.
2. The average gene consists of 3000 bases.
3. Largest known human gene is dystrophin at 2.4 million bases.
4. Total number of genes is estimated to be 3000.
5. 99.9% nucleotide bases are exactly the same in all people.
6. The function of about 50% of the discovered genes are unknown.
7. Less than 2% of the genome codes for proteins.
8. Repeated sequences make up a very large portion of the human genome. They can shed light on chromosome structure, dynamics and evolution.
9. Chromosome 1 has most genes (2968) and the Y has the fewest (231).
10. Single nucleotide polymorphism have been identified at about 1.4 million locations. It is useful in finding chromosomal locations for disease-associated sequences and tracing human history.