Human Health and Diseases — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Expand 'ELISA'. Why is this method preferred over conventional methods of diagonsis of the disease?

Refer to the diagram given below and answer the questions that follow.

1. The parasite reproduces in human host by which method?
2. The sexual stages of parasite are referred to as?
3. Where does the fertilisation and development of parasite takes place in mosquito body?
4. What are sporozoites?
5. What is the cause of cycles of fever during malaria?

Illustrate any 'three' genes which can be used in gene therapy.

Explain the following salient features of a DNA molecule:

1. Complimentarity of base pairs of its two chains.
2. Antiparallel polarity of the two chains.

An adult patient suffers from low heart rate, low metabolic rate and low body temperature. He also lacks alertness, intelligence and initiative. What can be this disease? What can be its cause and cure ?

Describe the experiment that helped Louis Pasteur to dismiss the theory of spontaneous generation of life.

Write chemical reactions to represent Methanogenesis.

Given below is a list of six micro-organisms. State their usefulness to humans.

1. Nucleopolyhedrovirus.
2. Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
3. Monascus purpureus.
4. Trichoderma polysporum.
5. Penicillium notatum.
6. Propionibacterium sharmanii.

How would you explain to the farmers that apiculture is both easy and economically beneficial to them?

Gene therapy is an attempt to correct a genetic defect by providing a normal gene into the individual. By this the normal function can be restored. An alternate method would be to provide the gene product (protein/ enzyme) known as enzyme replacement therapy, which would also restore the function. Which in your opinion is a better option? Give reason for your answer.