Question
What is distillation? Explain different types of distillation.
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What happens when (i) magnesium is burnt in air (ii) quick lime is heated with silica (iii) chlorine reacts with slaked lime (iv) calcium nitrate is heated?
i. An athlete is given 100 g of glucose of energy equivalent to 1560 kJ . He utilises $50 \%$ of this gained energy in the event. In order to avoid storage of energy in the body, calculate the weight of water that would need to perspire. The enthalpy of vaporisation of water is $44 kJ mol ^{-1}$.
ii. Compound with carbon-carbon double bond, such as ethylene, $C _2 H _4$, add hydrogen in a reaction called hydrogenation, $C _2 H _4(g)+ H _2(g) \rightarrow C _2 H _6(g)$
Calculate enthalpy change for the reaction, using the following combustion data,
$\text{C}_2\text{H}_4(\text{g})+3\text{O}_2(\text{g})\overrightarrow{\ \ \ \ \ }\ 2\text{CO}_2(\text{g})+2\text{H}_2\text{O(l)};$ $\Delta_\text{c}\text{H}^\circ=-1401\text{kJ mol}^{-1}\dots(\text{i})$
$\text{C}_2\text{H}_6(\text{g})+\frac{7}{2}\text{O}_2(\text{g})\overrightarrow{ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }\ 2\text{CO}_2(\text{g})+3\text{H}_2\text{O(l)}$ $\Delta_\text{c}\text{H}^\circ=-1550\text{kJ mol}^{-1}\dots(\text{ii})$
$\text{H}_2(\text{g})+\frac{1}{2}\text{O}_2(\text{g})\overrightarrow{ \ \ \ \ }\ \text{H}_2\text{O(l)};$ $\Delta_\text{c}\text{H}^\circ=-286.0\text{kJ mol}^{-1}\dots(\text{iii})$
→ii. Compound with carbon-carbon double bond, such as ethylene, $C _2 H _4$, add hydrogen in a reaction called hydrogenation, $C _2 H _4(g)+ H _2(g) \rightarrow C _2 H _6(g)$
Calculate enthalpy change for the reaction, using the following combustion data,
$\text{C}_2\text{H}_4(\text{g})+3\text{O}_2(\text{g})\overrightarrow{\ \ \ \ \ }\ 2\text{CO}_2(\text{g})+2\text{H}_2\text{O(l)};$ $\Delta_\text{c}\text{H}^\circ=-1401\text{kJ mol}^{-1}\dots(\text{i})$
$\text{C}_2\text{H}_6(\text{g})+\frac{7}{2}\text{O}_2(\text{g})\overrightarrow{ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }\ 2\text{CO}_2(\text{g})+3\text{H}_2\text{O(l)}$ $\Delta_\text{c}\text{H}^\circ=-1550\text{kJ mol}^{-1}\dots(\text{ii})$
$\text{H}_2(\text{g})+\frac{1}{2}\text{O}_2(\text{g})\overrightarrow{ \ \ \ \ }\ \text{H}_2\text{O(l)};$ $\Delta_\text{c}\text{H}^\circ=-286.0\text{kJ mol}^{-1}\dots(\text{iii})$
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