Question
What is endurance? Explain the various methods for its development.
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Answer
Endurance training is the act of exercising to increase endurance. The term endurance training generally refers to training the aerobic system as opposed to anaerobic. The need for endurance, in sports, is often predicated as the need of cardiovascular and simple muscular endurance, but the issue of endurance is far more complex. Endurance can be divided into two categories including general endurance and specific endurance. It can be shown that endurance in sport is closely tied to the execution of skill and technique. A well-conditioned athlete can be defined as, the athlete who executes his or her technique consistently and effectively with the least effort. Every method has its own characteristic effect for development of specific preconditions. Some methods can have similar impact on the athlete’s adaptation provided we use it under similar conditions. The training methods for aerobic or anaerobic endurance development can be divided into several groups:
Continuous method means load with constant level of intensity or speed. The load lasts usually for longer than $30$ minutes (up to several hours). This method is used to develop basic (general) endurance, mixed aerobic-anaerobic metabolism, or to maintain the level of reached endurance adaption. Uninterrupted method of alternating intensity: During Uninterrupted load of alternating intensity, the athlete alternates, regularly or irregularly, different intensity and length of sections. Load intensity can very from low to very high. The number, length and intensity of sections are usually planned. Intermittent Methods: This group includes interval methods and repetition methods. The main difference between these methods is the condition of the athlete before starting the next unit. During interval training, another repetition starts with insufficient recovery of the athlete. During repetition training, another unit starts only with relate recovery after a longer pause between units. Interval Method: Interval training contains several load units of high intensity (from submaximal to maximal). As a rule, we distinguish between short, medium and long interval methods according to the time-period of load. The interval method is not suitable for children, and it can be applied to the youth training only with great care. Children are not ready for anaerobic load of longer duration, and the youth are only developing this ability. The incorporation of intervals into youth training can lead to very steep rise in performance development in relatively short time, which is followed by stagnation or decrease in performance or can lead to the overtraining. Repetition Method: This type of training involves repetitions of several legs. The intensity of a repeated leg is most often at the competition pace level but it can also be submaximal speed or also slightly faster for a given distance. This training is not directly connected to development of $VO_{2max}$ it is related to improving or maintaining race pace which is different for milers and 10 – kilometre runners.
- Uninterrupted Methods.
- Intermittent methods.
- Fartlek.
Continuous method means load with constant level of intensity or speed. The load lasts usually for longer than $30$ minutes (up to several hours). This method is used to develop basic (general) endurance, mixed aerobic-anaerobic metabolism, or to maintain the level of reached endurance adaption. Uninterrupted method of alternating intensity: During Uninterrupted load of alternating intensity, the athlete alternates, regularly or irregularly, different intensity and length of sections. Load intensity can very from low to very high. The number, length and intensity of sections are usually planned. Intermittent Methods: This group includes interval methods and repetition methods. The main difference between these methods is the condition of the athlete before starting the next unit. During interval training, another repetition starts with insufficient recovery of the athlete. During repetition training, another unit starts only with relate recovery after a longer pause between units. Interval Method: Interval training contains several load units of high intensity (from submaximal to maximal). As a rule, we distinguish between short, medium and long interval methods according to the time-period of load. The interval method is not suitable for children, and it can be applied to the youth training only with great care. Children are not ready for anaerobic load of longer duration, and the youth are only developing this ability. The incorporation of intervals into youth training can lead to very steep rise in performance development in relatively short time, which is followed by stagnation or decrease in performance or can lead to the overtraining. Repetition Method: This type of training involves repetitions of several legs. The intensity of a repeated leg is most often at the competition pace level but it can also be submaximal speed or also slightly faster for a given distance. This training is not directly connected to development of $VO_{2max}$ it is related to improving or maintaining race pace which is different for milers and 10 – kilometre runners.
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Competing in physical activities has been the natural tendency of humans. The competitions or tournaments are held according to the set rules and regulations. The success of the tournament depends upon suitable fixture.
1. The method followed in drawing the fixture is:
a) League method
b) Knockout method
c) Combination method
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a) N + 1
b) N-1
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3. What is the advantage of this tournament?
a) More number of matches are played
b) Less number of teams participate
c) Knockout tournament takes less time and is economical
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4. What is the term used if privilege is given to a team to play at a higher round?
a) Bye
b) Draw
c) Fixture
d) Schedule
1. The method followed in drawing the fixture is:
a) League method
b) Knockout method
c) Combination method
d) Random method
2. The number of matches played can be calculated by the formula:
a) N + 1
b) N-1
c) 2N
d) N/2
3. What is the advantage of this tournament?
a) More number of matches are played
b) Less number of teams participate
c) Knockout tournament takes less time and is economical
d) All teams play equal number of matches
4. What is the term used if privilege is given to a team to play at a higher round?
a) Bye
b) Draw
c) Fixture
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