Question
What is ferromagnetism? Iron $(Z = 26)$ is strongly ferromagnetic. Explain.

Answer

The substances which can be permanently magnetised even in the absence of a magnetic field are called ferromagnetic substances, and the mechanism is called ferromagnetism.
Iron $(z = 26)$, with electronic configuration $[Ar] 3d^6 4s^2,$ contains four unpaired electrons.
Hence, iron is strongly ferromagnetic.

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