Question
What is historiography? State the tools to know it.

Answer

India has its own distinctive and extensive history.
  • The geographical location of India has played an important role in shaping its history.
  • In India, there is a big difference in different regions in terms of rainfall, climate, topography, etc.
  • This regional diversity has become culturally diverse.
  • Great Indian culture has been born out of the fusion of many species and cultures.
  • History is the science of aggregating, analyzing, and researching past events in terms of time and place.
  • In ancient times, history was a record of kings, maharajas, feudal lords, wars or dates.
  • Historians plotted wars with kings.
  • Being the dependents of kings, they wrote exaggerated accounts of their victories and achievements.
  • Hence his writings are considered less credible.
  • The ancient writing system of history was descriptive in that the activities of the palace were given priority over evidence or documents.
  • Modern historians evaluate long-term political, socio-economic, and cultural conditions using the diverse tools they have acquired.
  • Studies the impact of various events on society.
  • History distinguishes between fact and fiction.
  • The historian examines the historical basis and traces its authenticity.
  • History writing tools are divided into two parts.
$(1)$ Graphical instruments and $(2)$ Written instruments.
  • Graphic tools include ancient stones, metals, pottery, seals, skeletons, ethnographic tools, and more.
  • There are four types of writing tools. $(1)$ Religious literature $(2)$ Non-religious literature $(3)$ Coins and inscriptions and $(4)$ Travel notes of foreign tourists.

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