Question
What is ozone? How is it formed?
✓
Answer
Ozone is a poisonous gas. It is made up of three atoms of oxygen combined together. It is formed high up in the atmosphere by the action of ultraviolet radiation on oxygen gas. The high energy ultraviolet radiation (UV radiation) coming from the sun splits oxygen gas into free oxygen atoms.
$\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{O}_{2}\ \ \ \ \ \ \xrightarrow[\text{From sun}]{\text{UV radiation}}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{O}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ + \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{O}\\\ {^\text{Oxygen molecules}}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {^\text{Oxygen atom}}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {^\text{Oxygen atom}} $
The free oxygen atoms thus produced are very reactive. One oxygen atom reacts with an oxygen molecule to form an ozone molecule:
$\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{O}_{2}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ +\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{O}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \rightarrow\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{O}_{3}\\\ {^\text{Oxygen molecules}} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {^\text{Oxygen atom}}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ {^\text{Ozone molecule}}$
$\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{O}_{2}\ \ \ \ \ \ \xrightarrow[\text{From sun}]{\text{UV radiation}}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{O}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ + \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{O}\\\ {^\text{Oxygen molecules}}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {^\text{Oxygen atom}}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {^\text{Oxygen atom}} $
The free oxygen atoms thus produced are very reactive. One oxygen atom reacts with an oxygen molecule to form an ozone molecule:
$\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{O}_{2}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ +\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{O}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \rightarrow\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{O}_{3}\\\ {^\text{Oxygen molecules}} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ {^\text{Oxygen atom}}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ {^\text{Ozone molecule}}$
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