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PART - 1 CH - 5 Thermodynamics — Chemistry STD 11 Science — Question

Rajasthan BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceChemistryPART - 1 CH - 5 Thermodynamics2 Marks
Question
What is solution enthalpy, lattice enthalpy, solvation enthalpy? Prove that solution enthalpy is some of lattice and salvation enthalpy.
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Answer

The enthalpy change that occurs when one mole of substance is dissolved in specific amount of solvent at constant temperature and pressure is called enthalpy of solution.
Lattice enthalpy : When one mole of solid ionic compound dissociates into its ions in gaseous state, the enthalpy change in this process is called lattice enthalpy.
Solvation enthalpy : Enthalpy change caused by the association of solvent molecules around solute ions is called salvation enthalpy.
The relationship between solution enthalpy, lattice enthalpy and solvation enthalpy can be shown as follows

Image
Hence from Hess's law : $\Delta_{\text {sol }} H ^{-}=\Delta_{\text {lattice }} H ^{-}+\Delta_{\text {hyd }}$ $H ^{-}$
i.e. solution enthalpy = hydration enthalpy + solvation enthalpy

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