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Forest Society and Colonialism — Social Studies STD 9 — Question

CBSE BoardEnglish MediumSTD 9Social StudiesForest Society and Colonialism5 Marks
Question
What is Swidden Agriculture? Where is it practised? Describe its main features.
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Answer

  1. One of the major impacts of European colonialism was on the practice of shifting cultivation or ‘Swidden Agriculture’.
  2. This is a traditional agricultural practice in many parts of Asia, Africa and South America.
  3. It has many local names such as Lading in Southeast Asia, Milpa in Central America and Chena in Sri Lanka, etc.
  4. In India, Dhya, Penda, Bewar, Jhum, etc. are some of the local terms for Swidden agriculture.
  5. In shifting cultivation, parts of forests are cut and burnt in rotation.
  6. Seeds are sown in the ashes after the first monsoon rains, and the crop is harvested by October–November.
  7. Such plots are cultivated for a couple of years and then left fallen for 12 to 18 years for the forests to grow back.

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