Question
What is 'Window Dressing'? Explain with the help of an example.

Answer

Window dressing is a technique used by companies and financial managers to manipulate financial statements and reports to show more favorable results for a period. Although window dressing is illegal or fraudulent, it is slightly dishonest and is usually done to mislead investors.Example of Window Dressing:
Let's assume that a company operates throughout the year with a negative balance in its general ledger account Cash, Checking Account. (At the bank, the checking account has a positive balance due to the time it takes for the company's checks to clear.) In order to avoid its December 31 balance sheet reporting a negative cash balance, the company decides to postpone issuing checks for vendors' invoices that should have been paid. The postponement allows its general ledger Cash account to temporarily have a positive amount. On January 2, the company will issue the postponed checks and will resume its normal practice of having a negative balance in its Cash account.

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On 1st April, 2014, Popular Ltd. issued 20,000; 10% Debentures of ₹ 100 each at a discount of 10% redeemable at par. Show the 'Discount on Issue of Debentures Account' if:
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  4. Sale of goods at a profit of 10%.
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K Limited has been registered with an authorised capital of ₹ 20,00,000 divided into 20,000 shares of ₹ 100 each of which 10,000 shares were offered for public subscription at a premium of ₹ 5 per, share payable is under.
 
On application
30
On allotment
25 (including premium)
On first call
20
On final call
30
Applications were received for 18,000 shares, of which applications tor 3,000 shares were rejected outright; the rest of the applications were allotted 10,000 shares pro-rata basis. Excess application money was transferred to allotment.
All the moneys were duly received except from Sundar, holder of 200 shares, who, failed to pay allotment and first call money. His shares were later forfeited, and re-issued to Shyam at ₹ 60 per share, ₹ 70 paid up. Final Call has not been made. Pass necessary Cash Book and Journal entries in the books of K Limited.
Calculate any three of the following ratios with the help of the following information:
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  2. Current Ratio.
  3. Gross Profit Ratio.
  4. Inventory Turnover Ratio.
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Information: Equity Share Capital ₹ 5,00,000; 12% Debentures ₹ 6,00,000; 9% Preference Share Capital ₹ 3,00,000; General Reserve ₹ 1,00,000; Revenue from Operations , ₹ 10,00,000; Opening Inventory ₹ 80,000; Purchases ₹ 6,00,000; Wages , 1,00,000; Closing Inventory ₹ 1,00,000; Selling and distribution expenses ₹ 20,000; Other current assets ₹ 5,00,000 and Current liabilities ₹ 3,00,000.
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Additional Information:
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