- AMonohybrid cross
- BDihybrid cross
- CBack cross
- DReciprocal cross
Explanation:
Backcrossing is a crossing of a hybrid with one of its parents or an individual genetically similar to its parent, in order to achieve offspring with a genetic identity which is closer to that of the parent.This method has long been used in horticulture, e.g. to incorporate desirable traits to the elite line of crops.At present, the deliberate back crossing is carried out to breed and produce gene knockouts used in Genetics research.
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$A$. The flowers of Vallisneria are colourful and produce nectar.
$B$. The flowers of water lily are not pollinated by water.
$C$. In most of water-pollinated species, the pollen grains are protected from wetting.
$D$. Pollen grains of some hydrophytes are long and ribbon like.
$E$. In some hydrophytes, the pollen grains are carried passively inside water.
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