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Molecular Basis of Inheritance — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceBIOLOGYMolecular Basis of Inheritance1 Mark
MCQ
When a single anticodon can recognize more than one codon of $\text{mRNA}$ it is called as:
  • A
    Template hypothesis
  • ✓
    Degeneracy
  • C
    Gene flow hypothesis
  • D
    Collinearity hypothesis
✓

Answer

Correct option: B.
Degeneracy
The genetic code shows degeneracy which means that more than one triplet can code for same amino acid. For example, phenylalanine is encoded by three triplets; $\text{UUU, UUC, UUA}.$
According to template hypothesis, during transcription, the $3\ ' \rightarrow 5\ '$ strand of $\text{DNA}$ serves as template strand to synthesize the $\text{RNA}$ molecule which has a sequence of ribonucleotides exactly complementary to that of the template strand. For example, a $\text{DNA}$ template strand with $3\ '$
$\text{TACATGGGTCCG} 5\ '$ produces $\text{mRNA}$ having $5\ 'AUGUACCCAGGC3\ '$ sequence. The ribonucleotide sequence of the $\text{mRNA}$ is exactly same as that of the coding strand of $\text{DNA}$. The coding strand is $5\ ' \rightarrow 3\ ' \text{DNA}$ strand which does not serve as the template for $\text{RNA}$ synthesis.
Gene flow hypothesis marks the factors responsible for the transfer of genes/alleles from one population to other; migration being the primary agent.
Colinearity hypothesis was given by Beadle and Tatum. It says that genes and proteins show collinear relationship which means that the linear sequence of the nucleotides in the gene determines the linear sequence of amino acids in a protein.

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