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Human Health and Disease — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceBIOLOGYHuman Health and Disease3 Marks
Question
When someone buys packets of cigarettes, cannot miss the statutory warning that is present on the packing which warns against smoking and says how it is injurious to health. Yet, smoking is very prevalent in our society, both among young and old. Advise the adolescents about the importance of avoiding smoking. (Mention any six points.)
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Answer

  1. Tobacco in cigarettes contains a large number of chemical substances including nicotine, an alkaloid. Nicotine stimulates adrenal gland to release adrenaline and nor-adrenaline into blood circulation, both of which raise blood pressure and increase heart rate.
  2. Smoking is associated with increased incidence of cancers of lung, urinary bladder, throat and oral cavity.
  3. It is responsible for bronchitis and emphysema.
  4. It is associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease, gastric ulcer, etc.
  5. Smoking increases carbon monoxide (CO) content in blood and reduces the concentration of haem-bound oxygen. This causes oxygen deficiency in the body.

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