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Respiration In Plants — BIOLOGY STD 11 Science — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ScienceBIOLOGYRespiration In Plants5 Marks
Question
  1. Where does electron transport system operate in mitochondria? Explain the system, giving the role of oxygen.
  2. What is oxidative phosphorylation?
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Answer

  1. Electron Transport System (ETS):
  • ETS occurs in the electron transport particles (ETP) on the inner surface of the inner membrane of mitochondria.
  • NADH formed in glycolysis and citric acid cycle are oxidised by NADH dehydrogenase (complex I) and the electrons are transferred to ubiquinone, via FMN.
  • Ubiquinone also receives reducing equivalents via FADH generated during the oxidation of succinate by succinate dehydrogenase (complex II).
  • The reduced ubiquinone, called ubiquinol, is then oxidised by transfer of electrons to cytochrome c, via cytochrome $b c_1$-complex (complex III).
  • Cytochrome c acts as a mobile carrier between complex III and complex IV.\
  • Complex IV refers to cytochrome c oxidase complex containing cytochromes a and $a_3$ and two copper centres.
  • When the electrons are shunted over the carriers via complex I to IV in the electron transport chain, they are coupled to ATP synthetase (complex V) for the formation of ATP from ADP and iP.
  1. It is the process of formation of ATP using the energy obtained from the oxidation of compounds in the mitochondria.

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