- A$HCl$
- ✓$HF$
- C$HI$
- D$HBr$
$N{a_2}Si{O_3} + 3{H_2}{F_2} \to N{a_2}Si{F_4} + 3{H_2}O$
$CaSi{O_3} + 3{H_2}{F_2} \to CaSi{F_4} + 3{H_2}O$
The etching of glass is based on these reactions.
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Reason : In the presence of a more volatile liquid solute, only the solute will form the vapours and solvent will not.

$(i)$ $\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,C{H_3}} \\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,|} \\
{C{H_3} - {C^ \mathbf{-} }} \\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,|} \\
{\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,C{H_3}}
\end{array}$
$(ii)$ $H _{2} C = CH - CH _{2}$
$(iii)$ $HC \equiv \stackrel{\ominus}{ C }$
$(iv)$ $\stackrel{\ominus}{ CH _{3}}$
$(v)$ $\stackrel{\ominus}{{ }_{ CN }}$