- AEpistasis
- BPleiotropy
- CPolygenic inheritance
- DMutation
Explanation:
Pleiotropy occurs when one gene influences multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits, an example being phenylketonuria, which is a human disease that affects multiple systems but is caused by one gene defect.

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Reason : Sex in humans is a polygenic trait depending upon a cumulative effect of some genes on $X-$ chromosome and some on $Y-$ chromosome.
$A$. The flowers of Vallisneria are colourful and produce nectar.
$B$. The flowers of water lily are not pollinated by water.
$C$. In most of water-pollinated species, the pollen grains are protected from wetting.
$D$. Pollen grains of some hydrophytes are long and ribbon like.
$E$. In some hydrophytes, the pollen grains are carried passively inside water.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below.