- A$Si-Si > C-C > Ge-Ge$ (Bond energy)
- B$H-H > F-F > C-C$ (Bond energy)
- C$Ge < Sn < Pb$ (ability of $ns^2e^-$ to participate in bonding)
- ✓$SiH_4 > SnH_4 > PbH_4 > CH_4$ (easy of hydrolysis)
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$\mathop {{{(C{H_3})}_3}C\mathop C\limits^ + HC{H_2}Cl}\limits_1 $ $\mathop {{{(C{H_3})}_3}C\mathop C\limits^ + HC{H_3}}\limits_2 $ $\mathop {\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}
{{{(C{H_3})}_2}C\mathop C\limits^ + {{(C{H_3})}_2}} \\
{|\,\,\,\,} \\
{Cl\,\,\,}
\end{array}}\limits_3 $ $\mathop {{{(C{H_3})}_2}\mathop C\limits^ + CH{{(C{H_3})}_2}}\limits_4 $
$(i)$ Glucose $+ ROH \quad \stackrel{\text { dry } HCl }{\longrightarrow}$ Acetal
$\xrightarrow[{{{\left( {C{H_3}CO} \right)}_2}O}]{{x\,eq.of}}$ acetyl derivative
$(ii)$ Glucose $\xrightarrow{{Ni/{H_2}}}A\xrightarrow[{{{\left( {C{H_3}CO} \right)}_2}O}]{{y\,\,eq.\,of}}$ acetyl derivative.
$(iii)$ Glucose $\xrightarrow[{{{\left( {C{H_3}CO} \right)}_2}O}]{{z\,ed.\,of}}$ acetyl derivative.
$' x ^{\prime},{ }^{\prime} y ^{\prime}$ and ${ }^{\prime} z^{\prime}$ in these reactions are respectively.