Indian Economy 1950-1990 — Economics STD 12 Commerce — Question

Which are the areas that need fresh initiatives for development in India?
OR
What are the key issues in rural development?

Discuss the energy crisis in India.

Name any four anti-poverty programmes launched by Government in recent years.

Highlight the achievements of India's industrial sector during the first seven plans (1950-91).

What is the meaning of quantitative restrictions?

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from 1 to 4.
The revolutionary, 'Billion-litre idea' and execution of the world's largest dairy-agricultural development programme, 'Operation Flood' transformed India from a nation with potential in the dairy industry to a nation with massive production of milk and dairy products.
Operation Flood is the programme initiated by the National Dairy Development Board to speed up "the White Revolution." It created a national milk grid linking producers throughout India with consumers in over 700 towns and cities, reducing seasonal and regional price variations while ensuring that the producer gets a major share of the price, consumers pay, by cutting out middlemen.
The bedrock of Operation Flood that made the White Revolution a success, was village milk producers' cooperatives, which procured milk and provided inputs and services, making mode management and technology available to members.

1. Operation Flood was initiated in:

1. 1965
2. 1966
3. 1967
4. 1968

2. Operation Flood is based on the model of....................?

1. cooperative marketing
2. regulated marketing
3. Both [a] and [b]
4. None of the above

3. Operation Flood was first commenced in..............?

1. Gujarat
2. Andhra Pradesh
3. Uttar Pradesh
4. Bihar

4. Operation Flood is an example of............. of productive activity in the rural areas.

1. centralisation
2. diversification
3. Both [a] and [b]
4. None of the above

Explain negative impacts of liberalisation and globalisation on business and industry in India.

Explain how health and expenditure on information are a source of human capital formation.

Read the passage given below and answer the following questions from 1 to 4.
Human capital, intangible collective resources possessed by individuals and groups within a given population. these resources include all the knowledge, talents, skills, abilities, experience, intelligence, training, judgment, and wisdom possessed individually and collectively, the cumulative total of which represents a form of wealth available to nations and organizations to accomplish their goals. The concept of human capital stems from the economic model of human resource capitalism, which emphasizes the relationship between improved productivity or performance and the need for continuous and long-term investments in the development of human resources. Investments in human capital are viewed as affecting national and global economic performance or, more narrowly, where investments in people are viewed as crucial to organization performance. For an organization, this model suggests that high productivity and performance depend on developing learning systems that reflect the commitment of an organization to its human resources. As a result, ongoing investments in training, skill development, and job enrichment engender a reciprocal commitment among members to organizational goals and objectives.

1. The stock of skill and expertise of a nation at a point of time is called _Capital.

1. Real
2. Physical
3. Human
4. None of these

2. Which of the following is not a source of Human Capital Formation?

1. Education
2. Saving
3. Health
4. Information

3. _is based on the idea that education and health are integral to human well-being.

1. Economic Development
2. Human Development
3. Social Growth
4. None of these

3. __________ is/ are the reason for rural-urban migration in India.

1. Unemployment
2. Health facilities
3. Money
4. All of these

Write the importance of subsidies in relevance to Indian farmers.