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Heredity and Evolution — Science STD 10 — Question

CBSE BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10ScienceHeredity and Evolution5 Marks
Question
  1. Why did Mendel choose garden pea for his experiments? Write two reasons.
  2. List two contrasting visible characters of garden pea Mendel used for his experiment.
  3. Explain in brief how Mendel interpreted his results to show that the traits may be dominant or recessive.
✓

Answer

  1. Mendel selected garden pea for his experiment because of the following reasons:
  1. Garden pea have a sort lifecycle and thus can produce more number of off springs in a short duration.
  2. It had well defined and contrasting characters.
  3. Peas could reproduce by cross-pollination as well as self-pollination.
  1. Following contrasting visible characters of garden pea Mendel used for his experiment.
  1. Round/ Wrinkled seeds.
  2. Tall/ Short plants.
  3. White/ purple flowers.
  4. Green/ yellow seeds.
  1. When Mendel crossed two pea plants with a pair of contrasting characters only one character appeared in all the members of $F_1$ progeny, the others remain hidden.

    On selfing $F_1$, the hidden characters reappeared in just $25 \%$ of the off springs and the other $75 \%$ shared the characters expressed in $F _1$.

    Mendel concluded that the character which expresses itself in $F_1$ and in $75 \%$ of the individuals of $F_2$ is dominating while the other is recessive.

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