Read the extract and answer the questions that follow:
Colebrook on Bengal ryots
In many villages of Bengal, some of the powerful ryots did not cultivate, but instead gave out their lands to others (the under-tenants), taking from them very high rents. In 1806, H. T. Colebrook described the conditions of these undertenants in Bengal:
The under-tenants, depressed by an excessive rent in kind, and by usurious returns for the cattle, seed, and subsistence, advanced to them, can never extricate themselves from debt. In so abject a state, they cannot labour in spirit, while they earn a scanty subsistence without hope of bettering their situation.
- Who were under tenants?
- Describe the conditions H.T. Colebrook mentioned about the under tenants in Bengal.