Question
Why is an antibody molecule represented as $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{L}_2$ ?

Answer

Each antibody molecule is made of the two heavy chains $\left(\mathrm{H}_2\right)$ and two light chains $\left(\mathrm{L}_2\right)$, hence represented as $\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{L}_2$.

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