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Elements of Groups 16, 17 and 18 — Chemistry STD 12 Science — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 ScienceChemistryElements of Groups 16, 17 and 183 Marks
Question
Why is there a large difference between the melting and boiling points of oxygen and sulphur?
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Answer

Oxygen exists as diatomic molecule $\left( O _2\right)$ whereas sulphur exists as polyatomic molecule $\left( S _8\right)$.
The van der Waals forces of attraction between $O _2$ molecules are relatively weak owing to their much smaller size.
The large van der Waals attractive forces in the $S _8$ molecules are due to large molecular size.
Therefore oxygen has low m.p. and b.p. as compared to sulphur.

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