Question
Write 10 lines on the usefulness of microorganisms in our lives.
✓
Answer
Micro$-$organisms are too small to be seen through naked eyes. However, they are vital to plants and the environment.
Importance of micro$-$organisms:
$i.$ They are used in winemaking, baking, pickling, and other food making processes.
$ii.$ Alcoholic fermentation by yeast is widely used in the preparation of wine and bread. A bacterium Lactobacillus, promotes the formation of curd.
$iii.$ Yeast reproduces rapidly and produces carbon dioxide during respiration. Bubbles of the gas fill the doughand increases its volume.
$iv.$ Microbes are used to reduce pollution. For example, decomposers such as bacteria and fungi break down dead bodies and excreta to form inorganic compounds, which can be absorbed by plants.
$v.$ They are used to increase the soil fertility by fixing the atmospheric nitrogen with the help of bacterium Rhizobium and some other blue$-$green algae.
$vi.$ Microbes also play an important role in the preparation of medicines.
$vii.$ Antibiotics are chemicals produced by micro$-$organisms to kill bacteria. Streptomycin, for example, is an antibiotic.
$viii.$ Certain microbes are also used in the biological treatment of sewage and industrial effluents.
$ix.$ Antibiotics are used to control many plant diseases.
$x.$ Antibiotics are mixed with the feed of livestock and poultry to check microbial infection in animals.
Importance of micro$-$organisms:
$i.$ They are used in winemaking, baking, pickling, and other food making processes.
$ii.$ Alcoholic fermentation by yeast is widely used in the preparation of wine and bread. A bacterium Lactobacillus, promotes the formation of curd.
$iii.$ Yeast reproduces rapidly and produces carbon dioxide during respiration. Bubbles of the gas fill the doughand increases its volume.
$iv.$ Microbes are used to reduce pollution. For example, decomposers such as bacteria and fungi break down dead bodies and excreta to form inorganic compounds, which can be absorbed by plants.
$v.$ They are used to increase the soil fertility by fixing the atmospheric nitrogen with the help of bacterium Rhizobium and some other blue$-$green algae.
$vi.$ Microbes also play an important role in the preparation of medicines.
$vii.$ Antibiotics are chemicals produced by micro$-$organisms to kill bacteria. Streptomycin, for example, is an antibiotic.
$viii.$ Certain microbes are also used in the biological treatment of sewage and industrial effluents.
$ix.$ Antibiotics are used to control many plant diseases.
$x.$ Antibiotics are mixed with the feed of livestock and poultry to check microbial infection in animals.
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Match the organisms in Column $I$ with their action in Column $II.$
→| Column I | Column II | ||
|
$(i)$
|
Bacteria
|
$(a)$
|
Fixing nitrogen
|
|
$(ii)$
|
Rhizobium
|
$(b)$
|
Setting of curd
|
|
$(iii)$
|
Lactobacillus
|
$(c)$
|
Baking of bread
|
|
$(iv)$
|
Yeast
|
$(d)$
|
Causing malaria
|
|
$(v)$
|
A protozoan
|
$(e)$
|
Causing cholera
|
|
$(vi)$
|
A virus
|
$(f)$
|
Causing AIDS
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|
|
$(g)$
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Producing antibodies
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|
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