Geography :As a Subject — Geography STD 11 Arts — Question
Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 ArtsGeographyGeography :As a Subject5 Marks
Question
Write a note about the world's greatest geographers and their contributions.
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Answer
Geographers define geographical facts in terms of causality.
Shows more interest in explaining the causal relationship between two geographical facts or more than one geographical fact.
Geography explains that the agricultural pattern found in Punjab and Haryana is different from that of Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
But at the same time it discusses the factors responsible, such as the relationship of differences, soil conditions of the states, environment, market demand, and economic condition of their farmers and use of agricultural technology.
Most of the geographers who made the subject of geography more prevalent were from India, China, Arabia and Greece.
Our ancient Vedas, Puranas, Aranyakas, Brahmanical texts, Mahabharata and Ramayana texts abound in geographical descriptions.
The Atharva Veda discusses the details of the earth and its features and human population.
In the second century $BCE,$ Eratosthenes attempted to measure the circumference of the earth.
The Greek geographer Thalespero presented his ideas about the size, shape, and motion of the earth in the sixth century $BC.$
Thales is considered the world's first geographer. The Greek geographer Claudius Ptolemy presented information about the latitude and longitude of the earth and the geographical location of the country.
The Roman geographer Strobo composed $17$ geographical texts and described the earth in detail.
Regarding the Aryabhata solar system of India, Varahmihira gave details about the diameter of the earth.
Bhaskaracharya gave information about gravity and Brahmagupta composed astronomical and astronomical texts.
The great poet Kalidasa in his epics "Meghdoot" and "Kumarasambhav" has described the mountains, rivers and forests of India.
An Arab geographer named Ibn Batuta visited India and presented information about the land and folklore here.
In the 18th century, the world's greatest travelers discovered a new waterway.
They gave information about the physical form of the earth, the different places of the countries, the oceans and the folk life of the countries of the world.
Great geographers such as $AV$ Hebolt, Karl Ritter, Emanuel Kant, and Friedrich Ratzel of Germany, developed ideas on the subject of geography.
The form of modern geography was developed in the continent of Europe, in which natural elements were given priority.
In the twentieth century, the study of the earth's surface began to be done from two perspectives, systematic and regional.
By $1950,$ humans realized that the earth's natural resources were the basis of all living things.
Understanding the prudent use of natural resources.
In the twenty-first century, both natural geography and human geography have gained almost equal importance.
The use of quantitative techniques and advanced technology in geography began in the $1960s$ and $1970s.$
Since $1957,$ it has been possible to take photographs of objects above or below the Earth's surface by launching artificial satellites into space.
As a result, knowledge of mineral resources and water resources became innate.
The use of artificial satellites has made the technology of geographic information systems, geospatial systems and geography systems accessible.
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