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PART - 1 CH - 2 Acids, Bases and Salts — Science STD 10 — Question

Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 10SciencePART - 1 CH - 2 Acids, Bases and Salts3 Marks
Question
Write a note on sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
✓

Answer

Preparation : When an aqueous solution of sodium chloride (brine) is electrolysed, chlorine gas is liberated at anode and hydrogen gas at cathode. During electrolysis, sodium hydroxide is formed in the solution.
$2 NaCl ( aq )+2 H _2 O ( l ) \rightarrow 2 NaOH ( aq )+ Cl _2(g)+ H _2(g)$
This process is called chlor-alkali process since the products formed are-chlor for chlorine and alkali for sodium hydroxide.
The three products (H2(g), Cl2(g), NaOH) produced in this process are useful.
Uses: (1) De-greasing of metals. (2) In the preparation of soap and detergent. (3) In purification of petroleum. (4) For making artificial textile fibres. (5) As a reagent in laboratory. (6) For making cotton unshrinkable. (7) In paper industry.

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