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Indian Struggle against Colonialism — History STD 12 Commerce / Arts — Question

Maharashtra BoardEnglish MediumSTD 12 Commerce / ArtsHistoryIndian Struggle against Colonialism4 Marks
Question
Write a note on the land revenue system introduced in British India.
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Answer

  • The British tried to introduce new land revenue systems like ‘Kayamdhara or Zamindari’ (permanent settlement), ‘Ryotwari’, and ‘Mahalwari’.
  • These revenue systems were formed without any concern for the Indian tradition of revenue systems, the Indian cropping cycle, and the Indian climate.
  • The new revenue systems introduced by the British made the common farmer penniless while making the Government and the landlords rich.
  • Earlier, the farmer could pay land tax by way of food grains and other commodities but now he had to pay in hard cash.
  • The farmer had to pay tax despite a good or bad harvest. Moreover, the farmer was driven to a dire condition if there was a famine.
  • The farmer was thus caught between the Government and money lenders.

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