Write any two characteristics of nuclear force.

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Answer

(1) These are the strongest forces found in nature.
(2) The range of nuclear forces is very short. Their range is of the order of the radius of the nucleus $\left(10^{-15}\right.$ meters). That is, these forces are effective only up to a distance of $10^{-15}$ meters. If this does not happen, then these forces are more effective than the electromagnetic interaction in the formation of molecules from atoms.

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Find the neutral temperature and inversion temperature of a copper-iron thermocouple if the reference junction is kept at $0^\circ C.$ Use the data in the table.

Metal with	$a$	$b$
lead $(Pb)$	$\mu\text{V}/^\circ\text{C}$	$\mu\text{V}/^\circ(\text{C})^2$

Aluminium	$-0.47$	$0.003$
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Copper	$2.76$	$0·012$
Gold	$2.90$	$0.0093$
Iron	$16.6$	$-0.030$
Nickel	$19.1$	$-0.030$
Platinum	$-1.79$	$-0.035$
Silver	$2.50$	$0.012$
Steel	$10.8$	$-0.016$