Question
Write down rules for $ \text{IUPAC}$ naming of Co$-$ordination entities.
✓
Answer
$\rightarrow$ The following rules are used when naming coordination compounds:
$(i)$ The cation is named first in both positively and negatively charged coordination entities.
$(ii)$ The ligands are named in an alphabetical order before the name of the central atom / ion.
$(iii)$ Names of the anionic ligands end in $-o,$ whereas those of neutral and cationic ligands are the same except aqua for $H_2O,$ ammine for $NH_3,$ carbonyl for $CO$ and nitrosyl for $NO.$ While writing the formula of coordination entity, these are encloded in brackets $( ).$
$(iv)$ Prefixes mono, di, tri, etc., are used to indicate the number of the individual ligands in the coordination entity. When the names of the ligands include a numerical prefix, then the terms, bis, tris, tetrakis are used, the ligand to which they refer being placed in parentheses. For example, $[NiCl_2(PPh_3)_2]$ is named as dichloridobis$($triphenylphosphine$)$ nickel $(II).$
$(v)$ Oxidation state of the metal in cation, anion or neutral coordination entity is indicated by roman numeral in parenthesis.
$(vi)$ If the complex ion is a cation, then the metal is named same as the element. For example, Co in a complex cation is called cobalt and $Pt$ is called platinum. If the complex ion is an anion, the name of the metal ends with the suffix $-$ ate. For example, Co in a complex anion, $[Co(SCN)_4]^{2-}$ is called cobaltate. For some metals, the Latin names are used in the complex anions. e.g. ferrate for $Fe.$
$(vii)$ The neutral complex molecule is named similar to that of the complex cation.
$(i)$ The cation is named first in both positively and negatively charged coordination entities.
$(ii)$ The ligands are named in an alphabetical order before the name of the central atom / ion.
$(iii)$ Names of the anionic ligands end in $-o,$ whereas those of neutral and cationic ligands are the same except aqua for $H_2O,$ ammine for $NH_3,$ carbonyl for $CO$ and nitrosyl for $NO.$ While writing the formula of coordination entity, these are encloded in brackets $( ).$
$(iv)$ Prefixes mono, di, tri, etc., are used to indicate the number of the individual ligands in the coordination entity. When the names of the ligands include a numerical prefix, then the terms, bis, tris, tetrakis are used, the ligand to which they refer being placed in parentheses. For example, $[NiCl_2(PPh_3)_2]$ is named as dichloridobis$($triphenylphosphine$)$ nickel $(II).$
$(v)$ Oxidation state of the metal in cation, anion or neutral coordination entity is indicated by roman numeral in parenthesis.
$(vi)$ If the complex ion is a cation, then the metal is named same as the element. For example, Co in a complex cation is called cobalt and $Pt$ is called platinum. If the complex ion is an anion, the name of the metal ends with the suffix $-$ ate. For example, Co in a complex anion, $[Co(SCN)_4]^{2-}$ is called cobaltate. For some metals, the Latin names are used in the complex anions. e.g. ferrate for $Fe.$
$(vii)$ The neutral complex molecule is named similar to that of the complex cation.
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