India: Earth Surface, Climate, Vegetation and Wildlife — Social Science STD 6 — Question
Gujarat BoardEnglish MediumSTD 6Social ScienceIndia: Earth Surface, Climate, Vegetation and Wildlife3 Marks
Question
Write short note : Climate and Seasons of india
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Answer
A distinct difference in the seasons is experienced in the climate of India. In India. four seasons are experienced as under:
$(1)$ Winter : Winter in India prevails from December to February. At this time, the sunrays over India are diagonal (slant) hence the temperature remains low. There is snowfall occasionally in the Himalayas during winter. The cold and heavy air rushes towards the northern plains. A severe cold wave sweeps over northern India as well as over Rajasthan and Gujarat. As a result, the temperature decreases suddenly. Hence the northern region in Gujarat feels more cold during winter. Days are shorter in winter and the nights are longer.
$(2)$ Summer : Summer in India prevails from March to May. At this time the sunrays fall vertically over India so the temperature remains high. The temperature remains comparatively low near the coastal regions than in the continental parts of the country. The summer in most of India is hot and dry. Dry and hot winds blowing during noon time are called 'loo' (locally). The heat is experienced more in the northern part of Gujarat and western part of Rajasthan during summer. During summer, the days are longer compared to winter.
$(3)$ Monsoon : Monsoon in India prevails from June to September. As most of the agriculture in India is dependent on rain. this is the most important season for India. Winds coming from Natrutya (south-west) direction are humid as they pass over the seas. These winds bring rain to the country. One of the currents of these winds advances above the Arabian Sea to Kerala, Maharashtra, Gujarat and Central India. Other current of these humid winds advances towards the Ganga plain via the Bay of Bengal. Andaman and Nicobar islands and eastern India. Both these winds' currents meet each other and bring rain to western Uttar Pradesh. Haryana, Punjab and eastern Rajasthan. When humid winds are obstructed by mountains, there is more rainfall. As Gujarat does not have large mountains to obstruct the way of humid winds, the amount of rainfall is less.
$(4 )$ Retreating Monsoon Winds : The season of Retreating Monsoon Winds in India prevails between October-November. During this season, the winds blow from Ishaanya (north-east) direction towards the land area. Hence, these winds are dry (without moisture). As a result, they do not shower any rain. The sky is clear without any cloud during this season.
The Retreating Monsoon winds absorb moisture while passing over the Bay of Bengal. These winds give rain on the eastern coast to Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. This is considered to be the main rainy season of Tamil Nadu.
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