Question
Write the equations for the preparation of ethyl chloride using
- Hydrogen halide
- ethene
- Thionyl chloride
✓
Answer
(a) Hydrogen halide :
$CH _3 CH _2- OH + HCl \underset{ ZnCl _2}{\stackrel{\text { anhydrous }}{\longrightarrow}} \underset{\text { Ethyl chloride }}{ CH _3 CH _2- Cl }+ H _2 O$
(b) Ethene :
$CH _2=\underset{\text { Ethene }}{ CH _2}+ HCl \longrightarrow \underset{\text { Ethyl chloride }}{ CH _3- CH _2- Cl }$
(c) Thionyl chloride:
(d) The preparation of ethyl chloride using thionyl chloride will be the most preferred method.
1. Thionyl chloride reacts with straight-chain primary alcohols to give unrearranged alkyl chloride.
2. The byproducts ($SO_2$ and $HCl$) obtained during the course of the reaction are in a gaseous state thus, there is no need to put extra effort for its separation. Hence, this method is preferred for the preparation of ethyl chloride.
$CH _3 CH _2- OH + HCl \underset{ ZnCl _2}{\stackrel{\text { anhydrous }}{\longrightarrow}} \underset{\text { Ethyl chloride }}{ CH _3 CH _2- Cl }+ H _2 O$
(b) Ethene :
$CH _2=\underset{\text { Ethene }}{ CH _2}+ HCl \longrightarrow \underset{\text { Ethyl chloride }}{ CH _3- CH _2- Cl }$
(c) Thionyl chloride:
(d) The preparation of ethyl chloride using thionyl chloride will be the most preferred method.
1. Thionyl chloride reacts with straight-chain primary alcohols to give unrearranged alkyl chloride.
2. The byproducts ($SO_2$ and $HCl$) obtained during the course of the reaction are in a gaseous state thus, there is no need to put extra effort for its separation. Hence, this method is preferred for the preparation of ethyl chloride.
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