Question
Write the reactions involved in the following :
- Hell-Volhard Zelinsky reaction
- Decarboxylation reaction
✓
Answer
- Hell-Volhard Zelinsky reaction: Carboxylic acid having α-hydrogen are halogenated at α- position on treatment with chlorine or bromine in the presence of red phosphorous to give α-halogenated carboxylic acid.
$\text{HVZ reaction}\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\\\text{RCH}_2\text{COOH}\xrightarrow[\text{(ii) H}_2\text{O}]{\text{(i) X}_2/\text{Red P}}\text{RCHCOOH}\\\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }|\\\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{X}$
- Decarboxylation reaction: Carboxylic acid lose CO2 to form hydrocarbons when their sodium salts are heated with sodalime (NaOH and CaO in the ratio 3:1). The reaction is known as decarboxylation reaction.
$\text{RCOONa}\xrightarrow[\triangle]{\text{NaOH and CaO}}\text{RH}+\text{Na}_2\text{CO}_3$
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