Question
Write the reactions taking place at the anode and cathode in the above cell.

Answer

Inert electrodes:
Anode: $2\text{H}_2\text{O}(\text{l})\xrightarrow{ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }\text{O}_2(\text{g})+4\text{H}^{+}(\text{aq})+4\text{e}^-$
Cathode: $\text{Ag}^{+}(\text{aq})+\text{e}^-\xrightarrow{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ }\text{Ag(s)}$

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Give conversion in three steps: Nitrobenzene into chlorobenzene.
Write a note on esterification of alcohols and phenols.
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Complete the following reactions :

  1. $\text{C}_6\text{H}_5-\text{COO}^-\text{NH}^+_4\xrightarrow{\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\triangle\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }}\text{A}\xrightarrow{\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{Br}_2/\text{KOH}\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }}\text{B}\xrightarrow{\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{CH}_3\text{COC}l_3/\text{pyridine}\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }}\text{C}$

  2. $\text{C}_6\text{H}_5\text{N}^+_2\text{BF}^-_4\xrightarrow[\triangle]{\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{NaNO}_2/\text{Cu}\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }}\text{A}\xrightarrow{\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{Sn}/\text{HC}l\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }}\text{B}\xrightarrow[\triangle]{\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{CHC}l_3+\text{alc. KOH}\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }\text{ }}\text{C}$

Give reasons:
  1. C–Cl bond length in chlorobenzene is shorter than C–Cl bond length in CH3–Cl.
  2. The dipole moment of chlorobenzene is lower than that of cyclohexyl chloride.
  3. SN1 reactions are accompanied by racemization in optically active alkyl halides.