Principles of Inheritance and Variation — BIOLOGY STD 12 Science — Question

Insulin in the human body is secreted by pancreas as prohormone/ proinsulin. The schematic polypetide structure of proinsulin is given below. This proinsulin needs to undergo processing before it becomes functional in the body. Answer the questions that follow:

1. State the change the proinsulin undegoes at the time of its processing to become functional.
2. Name the technique the American company Eli Lilly used for the commercial production of human insulin.
3. How are the two polypeptides of a functional insulin chemically held together?

Write a short note on autogamy.

Plasmodium falciparum is the causative agent of the most severe form of malaria. It is distributed throughout the tropics. Explain why malaria is restricted to the tropics?

Is it possible that productivity and diversity of a natural community remain constant over a time period of, say one hundred years?

The below image shows is the headquarter of Eli Lilly company. Eli lily is one of the first pharmaceutical companies to produce human insulin using RDT technology by cell-based fermentation method.

i. How did Eli Lilly synthesize human insulin?
ii. Mention one difference between this insulin and the one produce by the human pancreas.

How HIV multiplies in the host body?

Study the diagram given below:

Name the linkages X, Y, Z and the respective molecules formed by them.

Mention the role of the following in E.coli cloning vector pBR 322.

1. Selectable marker.
2. ori.
3. rop.

What is the name of network formed by the fusion of open ends of seminiferous tubules? Where does this network lead to?

What are viruses parasitising bacteria called? Draw a well labelled diagram of the same.