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The Central Islamic Lands — History STD 11 Humanities — Question

CBSE BoardEnglish MediumSTD 11 HumanitiesHistoryThe Central Islamic Lands8 Marks
Question
Write your argument to justify the following statement.
OR
"Prophet Muhammad laid down the foundation of a new political structure."
✓

Answer

Prophet Muhammad laid down the foundation of a new political structure as:
  1. He replaced the tribal organisation with a state. The state was encompassed with a number of tribes.
  2. Umma constituted the armed forces.
  3. He was a religious leader as well as a law-giver.
  4. His followers (The Umma) were converted into a wide community to include polytheists and Jews of Madina.
  5. The conquest of Mecca established him both as a religious as well as political leader.
  6. He maintained the independence of the state by fixing the booty to $\frac{1}{15}\text{th}$ (which directly went to him).
  7. Tax like 'Zakat' was imposed on tribes who had accepted Muhammad's leadership. All Muslim tribes had to pay it.
  8. With his efforts and influence, he was able to convert many Bedouins into Islam. In a short span of time, he was able to unite a large part of peninsula.

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