M.C.Q [1M]

MCQ 511 Mark

Ecosystem has two components

A
Plants and animals
B
Weeds and trees
✓
Biotic and abiotic
D
Frog and men

Answer

Correct option: C.

Biotic and abiotic

c
(c)The ecosystem comprises abiotic and biotic components. The entire living community comprising plants and animals constitute the biotic component whereas the entire physical environment forms the abiotic component.

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MCQ 521 Mark

The importance of ecosystem lies in

A
Cycling of materials
B
Flow of energy
✓
Both the above
D
None of the above

Answer

Correct option: C.

Both the above

c
(c)In any ecosystem, communities or living organisms interact with their physical environment in such a way that there is a well defined flow of energy forming clear trophic (food) levels and material cycles within this system.

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MCQ 531 Mark

In an ecosystem which of the following are important components

A
Energy flow and food chain
B
Mineral recycling and energy flow
C
Food chain and decomposers
✓
All the above

Answer

Correct option: D.

All the above

d
It’s obvious.

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MCQ 541 Mark

Dynamic aspect of an ecosystem is

A
Producer and energy flow
B
Producer and mineral cycles
C
Consumer and mineral cycles
✓
Energy flow and mineral cycles

Answer

Correct option: D.

Energy flow and mineral cycles

d
(d)Because both are continuous process.

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MCQ 551 Mark

Which is adapted for aquatic habit

A
Aldrovenda
✓
Vallisneria
C
Sancatia
D
All of these

Answer

Correct option: B.

Vallisneria

b
It’s obvious.

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MCQ 561 Mark

Which of the following are artificial aquatic ecosystems?

A
Large dams and reservoirs
B
Lakes and canals
C
Fishery tanks and Aquaria
✓
All of these

Answer

Correct option: D.

All of these

d
All are artificial aquatic ecosystems.

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MCQ 571 Mark

Which is not true regarding ecosystem?

A
Self sufficient unit
B
Cyclic exchange of materials between living beings and environment
C
Only requirement is input of energy
✓
Characterized by a major vegetation type

Answer

Correct option: D.

Characterized by a major vegetation type

d
Ecosystem is characterised by minor as well as major vegetation type.

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MCQ 581 Mark

Which of the following represents largest man made ecosystem?

A
Zoo
B
Garden
C
Aquarium
✓
Agroecosystem

Answer

Correct option: D.

Agroecosystem

d
Agroecosystem is a basic unit of study in agroecology, and is somewhat arbitrarity defined as a spatially and functionally coherent unit of agricultural activity.

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MCQ 591 Mark

Ecology describes

A
Interactions between living organisms only
B
Interactions between members of a single species only
✓
Interactions of organisms among themselves as well as with their surrounding abiotic components
D
Intraspecific competitions only

Answer

Correct option: C.

Interactions of organisms among themselves as well as with their surrounding abiotic components

c
Ecology describes interactions of organisms among themselves as well as with their surrounding abiotic components.

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MCQ 601 Mark

It is man-made ecosystem.

A
Estuary
✓
Poultry farms
C
Grass land
D
Forest

Answer

Correct option: B.

Poultry farms

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MCQ 611 Mark

Choose example of man-made ecosystem.

A
Desert
B
Forest
✓
Crop fields
D
River

Answer

Correct option: C.

Crop fields

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MCQ 621 Mark

A man-made ecosystem is

✓
Less in diversity
B
More in diversity
C
Man does not make ecosystem
D
More stable than natural ecosystem

Answer

Correct option: A.

Less in diversity

a
(a)Manmade ecosystem or artificial ecosystem have low diversity and is more vulnerable to sudden changes. Crop ecosystems are man made ecosystems.

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MCQ 631 Mark

A pond is a

A
Biome
✓
Natural ecosystem
C
Artificial ecosystem
D
Community of plants and animals

Answer

Correct option: B.

Natural ecosystem

b
It’s obvious.

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MCQ 641 Mark

Which of the following is an artificial ecosystem

✓
Rice-field
B
Forest
C
Grassland
D
Lake

Answer

Correct option: A.

Rice-field

a
(a)Artificial ecosystem are man made ecosystem e.g., crop land, orchard, urban.

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MCQ 651 Mark

An ecosystem is a complex interacting system of

A
Individual
B
Population
✓
Communities and their physical environment
D
Communities and their soil conditions

Answer

Correct option: C.

Communities and their physical environment

c
(c)Ecosystem is a structural and functional unit of biosphere consisting of community of living beings and the physical environment both interacting and exchanging materials between them.

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MCQ 661 Mark

Which of the following is a man made artificial ecosystem

A
Grassland ecosystem
✓
Agro-ecosystem
C
Ecosystem of artificial lakes and dams
D
Forest ecosystem

Answer

Correct option: B.

Agro-ecosystem

b
(b)Because agriculture is a systematic process of plant growing which is produced by man.

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MCQ 671 Mark

A natural ecosystem

A
Depends on man
B
Depends on plants
C
Depends on animals
✓
Is auto-operated

Answer

Correct option: D.

Is auto-operated

d
(d)Because in auto-operated ecosystem, plants and animals both balance their activities in mutual manner.

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MCQ 681 Mark

Which one statement is correct regarding man made ecosystem

A
They are highly efficient
B
They are poor in diversity
C
They are vulnerable to drought, floods and diseases
✓
All are correct

Answer

Correct option: D.

All are correct

d
It’s obvious.

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MCQ 691 Mark

Major site of decomposition in the soil and water bodies respectively is

A
Bottom and upper layer
✓
Upper and bottom layer
C
Upper and bottom layer
D
Bottom and top layer

Answer

Correct option: B.

Upper and bottom layer

b
Major site of decomposition in the soil and water bodies occur on upper and bottom layer respectively.

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MCQ 701 Mark

Decomposition rate is slower if detritus is rich in........

✓
Lignin
B
Sugar
C
Nitrogenous material
D
Moisture

Answer

Correct option: A.

Lignin

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MCQ 711 Mark

Which is correct for Humus?

$(P)$ It is celleid

$(Q)$ It haning nutrients

$(R)$ Its degradation is not possible

✓
$P$ and $Q$
B
$Q$ and $R $
C
Only $Q$
D
Only $R$

Answer

Correct option: A.

$P$ and $Q$

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MCQ 721 Mark

The process of which humus is degraded by some microbes to release inorganic nutrients is known as

✓
Mineralization
B
Humification
C
Photophosphorylation
D
Pollination

Answer

Correct option: A.

Mineralization

a
The process by which humus is further degraded by some microbes to release inorganic nutrients is called mineralisation

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MCQ 731 Mark

Grazing food chain

A
Provides inorganic matter to detritus food chain
✓
Binds the inorganic nutrients into organic matter
C
Is based on energy present in detritus
D
Does not add energy into ecosystem

Answer

Correct option: B.

Binds the inorganic nutrients into organic matter

b
Grazing food chain binds the inorganic nutrients into organic matter.

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MCQ 741 Mark

Mark the correct match

A
Secondary consumer -Zooplankton
B
Primary coloniser -Viruses
C
Nanoecosystem -Valley and forest
✓
Omnivores -Cockroaches, Crows

Answer

Correct option: D.

Omnivores -Cockroaches, Crows

d
Omnivores -Cockroaches, Crows.

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MCQ 751 Mark

Energy requirement for maintenance of body _____ with successively higher trophic level.

A
Decreases
✓
Increases
C
Remain same
D
Always $10\;\%$

Answer

Correct option: B.

Increases

b
Energy requirement for maintenance of body increases with successively higher trophic level.

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MCQ 761 Mark

A food web

A
Increases variety of food at each trophic level
B
Delicately balances the inter relations amongst organisms
C
Decreases variety of food but increases quantity of food at each trophic level
✓
Increases variety as well as quantity of food at each trophic level

Answer

Correct option: D.

Increases variety as well as quantity of food at each trophic level

d
A food web increases variety as well as quantity of food at each trophic level.

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MCQ 771 Mark

Nutrient immobilisation

A
Prevents leaching of nutrients
B
Is incorporation of nutrients in microbes
C
Is incorporation of nutrients in microbes
✓
More than one option is correct

Answer

Correct option: D.

More than one option is correct

d
Nutrient immobilization prevents leaching of nutrients.

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MCQ 781 Mark

In tropical rain forest most of the energy in ecosystem flows through

A
Grazing food chain
✓
Detritus food chain
C
Parasitic food chain
D
Both $(a)$ and $(c)$

Answer

Correct option: B.

Detritus food chain

b
In tropical rain forest most of the energy in ecosystem flows through detritus food chain.

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MCQ 791 Mark

Find an incorrect statement for $DFC$

✓
Starts with solar energy
B
Terminates in $GFC$
C
Requires specific detritivores
D
Plays major role in terrestrial systems

Answer

Correct option: A.

Starts with solar energy

a
Detritus food chain starts with detritus.

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MCQ 801 Mark

Consider the following four statements $(A-D)$ and select the correct option stating which ones are true $(T)$ and
which ones are false $(F)$.
Statements :
$(A)$ Vertical distribution of different species occupying different levels in a community is called stratification.
$(B)$ Net primary productivity minus respiration losses is the gross primary productivity.
$(C)$ Rate of biomass production is called decomposition
$(D)$ Annual net primary productivity of oceans is $55$ billion tons

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

A

$F$ $T$ $F$ $T$
B

$T$ $F$ $T$ $F$
✓

$T$ $F$ $F$ $T$
D

$F$ $T$ $F$ $F$

Answer

Correct option: C.

$T$

$F$

$T$

c
Statements $A$ & $D$ are correct
$NPP\; = \;GPP\; -\; R$
Rate of biomass production is called productivity.

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MCQ 811 Mark

Which of the following ecosystems has highest productivity?

A
Tropical deciduous forest
B
Temperate coniferous forest
✓
Tropical rain forest
D
Desert shrub

Answer

Correct option: C.

Tropical rain forest

c
Highest productivity ecosystem in tropical rain forest.

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MCQ 821 Mark

Which is not a structural aspect of ecosystem?

✓
Productivity
B
Species composition
C
Diversity
D
Life cycle

Answer

Correct option: A.

Productivity

a
Productivity is not a structural component of an ecosystem. It is a functional aspect.

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MCQ 831 Mark

Which of the following food chain shows spindle shaped pyramid of number?

A
Grass $\rightarrow$ Insects $\rightarrow$ Frog
B
Phytoplankton $\rightarrow$ Zooplankton $\rightarrow$ Small fish
✓
Tree $\rightarrow$ Birds $\rightarrow$ Hawks
D
Tree $\rightarrow$ Birds $\rightarrow$ Insects $\rightarrow$ Bacteria

Answer

Correct option: C.

Tree $\rightarrow$ Birds $\rightarrow$ Hawks

c
Spindle shaped pyramid of number
Tree $\rightarrow$ Birds $\rightarrow$ Hawks.

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MCQ 841 Mark

Which of the following trophic levels are occupied by sparrow?

A
Primary consumer, primary producer
B
Secondary consumer, top carnivore
C
Primary producer, secondary producer
✓
Primary consumer, secondary consumer

Answer

Correct option: D.

Primary consumer, secondary consumer

d
Sparrow is herbivores feed on seeds so belongs as primary consumer and it also feeds on insects so secondary consumer.

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MCQ 851 Mark

Which of the following organisms convert plant matter into animal matter?

A
Earthworm
✓
Goat
C
Termites
D
Frog

Answer

Correct option: B.

Goat

b
Goat (Herbivore).

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MCQ 861 Mark

Major conduit of energy in land and aquatic ecosystem is transferred through ______ and ______ respectively.

A
$GFC, DFC$
B
$PFC, GFC$
✓
$DFC, GFC$
D
$GFC, GFC$

Answer

Correct option: C.

$DFC, GFC$

c
Major conduit of energy in land and aquatic ecosystem is transferred through detritus food chain and grazing food chain respectively.

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MCQ 871 Mark

If $10,000 \;J$ of energy fall on piece of land, then what is energy available at $T_2$ level?

A
$1000\; J$
✓
$10 \;J$
C
$100 \;J$
D
$1 \;J$

Answer

Correct option: B.

$10 \;J$

b
Since $10\;\%$ energy is received by next trophic level. Here $10,000\; J$ fall on earth its $1\;\%$ in producers $i.e.$, $100\; J$ so energy available at $T_2$ will be $10 \;J$ because further transfer is $10\;\%$.

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MCQ 881 Mark

Choose incorrect option w.r.t. amount of living material present in different trophic levels at a given time

A
Can be measured as number
B
Is equivalent to standing crop
✓
Is always represented as dry weight only
D
Expressed both as biomass and number

Answer

Correct option: C.

Is always represented as dry weight only

c
Trophic levels -Biomass, number, energy and standing crop.

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MCQ 891 Mark

Trees $\rightarrow$ Birds $\rightarrow$ Lice $\rightarrow$ Bacteria. Thus food chain is

A
Predatory
B
Grazing
C
Detritus
✓
Parasitic

Answer

Correct option: D.

Parasitic

d
Trees $\rightarrow$ Birds $\rightarrow$ Lice $\rightarrow$ Bacteria represents parasitic food chain.

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MCQ 901 Mark

Magnitude of primary productivity is affected by

A
Temperature, Availability of nutrients
B
Solar radiations available, Availability of nutrients
C
Photosynthetic capacity of producers
✓
All of these

Answer

Correct option: D.

All of these

d
Magnitudes of primary productivity is affected by all these factors.

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MCQ 911 Mark

If a single plant species is removed from a food web, then most likely

A
An animal species will fill the unoccupied niche
B
Other plants will produce enough food for herbivores
✓
Dependent herbivores will have to find new food sources
D
Carnivores will be unaffected by the loss

Answer

Correct option: C.

Dependent herbivores will have to find new food sources

c
Herbivores are primary consumers, they are mainly depend on the plants for their food needs. If a single plant species is removed, then they have to find new or other food sources.

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MCQ 921 Mark

Only a small amount of the energy stored in food is available to the next organism in a food chain because

A
There are more producers than consumer in a food chain
B
There are fewer top consumers than producers in a food chain
C
Primary and secondary consumers compete for food
✓
Most of the energy is used for life processes

Answer

Correct option: D.

Most of the energy is used for life processes

d
Only $10\; \%$ of the herbivore productivity is utilized for raising productivity of primary carnivores. The rest is consumed in ingestion, respiration, maintenance of body heat and other activities

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MCQ 931 Mark

Study the diagram carefully and fill in the blanks

Choose the correct option for $A, B, C, D$ and $E$

✓
$A-$Biotic, $B-$Abiotic, $C-$Decomposers, $D-$Photoautotrophs, $E-$Chemoautotrophs
B
$A-$Physical, $B-$Chemical, $C-$Phytoplanktons, $D-$Plants, $E-$Parasites
C
$A-$Biotic, $B-$Abiotic, $C-$Decomposers, $D-$Autotrophs, $E-$Mixotrophs
D
$A-$Physical, $B-$Chemical, $C-$Bacteria and Fungi, $D-$Autotrophs, $E- $Heterotrophs

Answer

Correct option: A.

$A-$Biotic, $B-$Abiotic, $C-$Decomposers, $D-$Photoautotrophs, $E-$Chemoautotrophs

a
$A-$Biotic, $B-$Abiotic, $C-$Decomposers, $D-$Photoautotrophs, $E-$Chemoautotrophs

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MCQ 941 Mark

$A$ : Pyramid of biomass is always upright for tree ecosystem.

$R$ : Total biomass of a tree in a specific area is more than that of herbivores.

✓
Assertion and Reason both are correct and also correct explanation.
B
Assertion and Reason both are correct but not explanation of assertion.
C
Assertion is correct, but Reason is incorrect.
D
Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

Answer

Correct option: A.

Assertion and Reason both are correct and also correct explanation.

a
Pyramid of biomass is upright for terrestrial ecosystem.

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MCQ 951 Mark

$A $ : Ecological pyramid of biomass is generally inverted in sea.

$R$ : Biomass of fishes far exceeds that of phytoplanktons.

✓
Assertion and Reason both are correct and also correct explanation.
B
Assertion and Reason both are correct but not explanation of assertion.
C
Assertion is correct, but Reason is incorrect.
D
Both Assertion and Reason are incorrect.

Answer

Correct option: A.

Assertion and Reason both are correct and also correct explanation.

a
Biomass $\propto$ life span of an organism.

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MCQ 961 Mark

The most common shape of pyramid of number is

A
Inverted
B
Urned
C
Spindle
✓
Upright

Answer

Correct option: D.

Upright

d
Pyramid of number is mostly upright.

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MCQ 971 Mark

Consider the following statements about ecological pyramids

$I.$ Charles Elton developed the concept of ecological pyramid

$II.$ After the name these pyramids are also called as Eltonian pyramids

$III.$ It is a graphical representation or pyramid shaped diagram which depicts the number of organisms, biomass and energy at each trophic level

Which of the statements given above are correct?

A
$I\;and\; II$
B
$I\; and\; III$
C
$II\; and \;III$
✓
$I, II\; and \;III$

Answer

Correct option: D.

$I, II\; and \;III$

d
There is some sort of relationship between the number, biomass and energy contents of the producers and consumers of different orders in any ecosystem. These relationships, when represented in diagrammatic ways are called ecological pyramids. The concept of pyramid was proposed by Charles Elton $(1927)$ so, they are also called as Eltonian pyramids

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MCQ 981 Mark

The given figure best represents

A
Pyramid of number in parasitic food chain
✓
Pyramid of biomass in forest ecosystem
C
Pyramid of number in grassland ecosystem
D
Pyramid of number in forest ecosystem

Answer

Correct option: B.

Pyramid of biomass in forest ecosystem

b
From the given option only b can be correct because pyramid of biomass is upright in that condition only

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MCQ 991 Mark

What is the rate of secondary production in the energy pyramid given below?

A
Uncertain
✓
$100 \;\mathrm{kcal} / \mathrm{m}^{2} / y r$
C
$10\; \mathrm{kcal} / \mathrm{m}^{2} / \mathrm{yr}$
D
$110\; \mathrm{kcal} / \mathrm{m}^{2} / y r$

Answer

Correct option: B.

$100 \;\mathrm{kcal} / \mathrm{m}^{2} / y r$

b
We know that plant only utilised $1-2\;\%$ of total energy incident on earth. In the given dustion $100000 \mathrm{Kcal} / \mathrm{m}^{2} / y r$ salar radiation is incident on earth. So plant producer utilize $1\; \%$ of $100000 \mathrm{kcalm}^{2} / \mathrm{yr}$ and that $1\; \%$ is$ \frac{100000 \times 1}{100}=1000\; \mathrm{kcal} / \mathrm{m}^{2} / y r$And from produces to the next level only $10 \%$ will goes, so$\frac{1000 \times 10}{100}=100\; \mathrm{kcal} / \mathrm{m}^{2} / \mathrm{yr}$ will be transferred to primary consumer which is called secondary production

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MCQ 1001 Mark

Given below is one of the types of ecological pyramids

This type represents

✓
Pyramid of number in a grassland ecosystem
B
Pyramid of energy in forest ecosystem
C
Pyramid of biomass in sea ecosystem
D
Pyramid of biomass in terrestrial ecosystem

Answer

Correct option: A.

Pyramid of number in a grassland ecosystem

a
Pyramids of number in grassland ecosystem. The pyramid of numbers deal with the number of primary producers and consumers. It is upright in a grassland and inverted in a tree ecosystem. In a grassland the number of producers is more than the number of top carnivores, whereas in case of a tree, the number of producers is less as compared to consumers

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BIOLOGY M.C.Q [1M]