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Question 11 Mark
Name two chemicals used to disinfect water.
Answer
Two chemicals used to disinfect water are chlorine and ozone.
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Question 21 Mark
Wastewater is fit for human consumption or not. Give reason to support your answer.
Answer
No, because it is dirty and has many diseases causing organisms like cholera, typhoid, etc.
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Question 31 Mark
Sewage contains some organic impurities in it. Name them.
Answer
Human faeces, animal wastes, oil, urea pesticides, herbicides, fruits and vegetables are the organic impurities present in sewage.
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Question 51 Mark
Fill in the blanks:
Wastewater released by houses is called ____________.
Answer
Wastewater released by houses is called sewage.
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Question 71 Mark
Open drain is a big concern now-a-days. Justify.
Answer
Open drain is a big concern for the society now-a-days because they create unhygienic conditions. It provides favourable conditions to flies, mosquitoes and other insects to breed and spread a number of diseases.
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Question 81 Mark
Name two chemicals used to disinfect water.
Answer
Two chemicals used to disinfect water are chlorine and ozone.
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Question 101 Mark
Natural water is the purest form of water. Explain why or why not.
Answer
Natural water is not pure always. It is because all types of water except rainwater contain salts dissolved in it. These salts make the water impure.
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Question 121 Mark
What is cleaning of water?
Answer
Cleaning of water is the process of removing pollutants before it enters a water body or is reused.
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Question 131 Mark
What are storm drains?
Answer
Storm drains or storm sewers are large pipes that transport storm water run-off from streets to natural water bodies, to avoid street flooding.
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Question 161 Mark
State whether the following statements are True or False. In case a statement is false, write the correct statement. Waste water could be reused.
Answer
True.
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Question 191 Mark
What is sewage treatment?
Answer
Pollutants in waste water can be removed in several stages, and this process is called "sewage treatment".
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Question 211 Mark
Sanitation can be improved. Explain, what step should be taken to improve it.
Answer
Low cost onsite sewage disposal system must be encouraged to improve sanitation.
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Question 231 Mark
Suggest some alternative arrangement for sewage disposal.
Answer
To improve sanitation, low cost onsite sanitation sewage disposals are being made. For example: septic tanks, composting pits etc.
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Question 251 Mark
In the chemical process of water treatment, water is treated with some chemicals. Describe chlorination in light of it.
Answer
Chlorination is the process of adding chlorine (chemical) in water to make it safe for drinking.
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Question 261 Mark
Name two inorganic impurities present in sewage.
Answer
Inorganic impurities present in sewage are nitrates and phosphates.
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Question 281 Mark
What is the function of bar screens in waste water treatment plant?
Answer
The bar screen remove the large objects like rags, sticks, cans, plastics packets etc. from the sewage.
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Question 291 Mark
Why should used tea leaves, solid food remains, etc. not be released in the drains?
Answer
Used tea leaves, solid food remains etc. should not be thrown down the drain as they may choke the drain.
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Question 301 Mark
What is the actual reason behind improper sanitation?
Answer
Lack of knowledge and of money, illiteracy, large population and lack of social awareness results in improper sanitation.
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Question 311 Mark
List the substances responsible for blockage of drain.
Answer
Tealeaves, solid food remains, soft toys, cotton, and sanitary towels.
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Question 321 Mark
Fill in the blanks: Drains get blocked by ____________ and ____________.
Answer
Drains get blocked by cooking oil and fats.
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Question 331 Mark
Give some examples of onsite sewage disposal systems.
Answer
Chemical toilets, septic tanks, composting pits, etc.
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Question 341 Mark
State whether the following statements are True or False. In case a statement is false, write the correct statement. Where underground sewerage systems and refuse disposal systems are not available, the high cost on-site sanitation system can be adopted.
Answer
False.
Where underground sewerage systems and refuse disposal systems are not available, the low cost onsite sanitation system can be adopted.
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Question 351 Mark
Why air is pumped into clarified water?
Answer
Air is pumped into clarified water to help aerobic bacteria to grow.
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Question 361 Mark
Give the percentage of water being activated in sludge.
Answer
About $97\%$ of water is being activated in sludge.
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Question 381 Mark
State whether the following statements are True or False. In case a statement is false, write the correct statement.
Sewage is a solid waste which causes water pollution and soil pollution.
Answer
False.
Sewage is a liquid waste which causes water pollution and soil pollution.
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Question 391 Mark
Name the type of toilets which are most suitable for holding an outdoor music festival in a park.
Answer
Chemical toilets.
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Question 411 Mark
What is the function of a skimmer?
Answer
A skimmer removes the floatable solids like oil, grease etc.
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Question 421 Mark
Mention the role of effluent treatment plants in cities.
Answer
The effluent treatment plants filter out undissolved materials form water.
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Question 431 Mark
Bleaching powder is mixed in water, why? Think and give appropriate reason for it.
Answer
Bleaching powder is mixed in water to make it safe for drinking because it kills the harmful germs present in water.
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Question 441 Mark
State whether the following statements are True or False. In case a statement is false, write the correct statement.

Used water is wastewater.

Answer
True.
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Question 461 Mark
One can avoid the addition of the load in $WWTP$. Justify.
Answer
By following proper sanitation and house-keeping practices, by creating less waste at an individual level, we can avoid the addition of the load in wastewater treatment plant.
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Question 471 Mark
Why chemicals should not be released in the drain?
Answer
Chemicals like paints, solvents, insecticides should not be thrown down the drain as it may kill the useful microbes that help to decompose the waster present in the sewage.
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Question 481 Mark
Mention the period proclaimed as the International Decade for action on Water for Life.
Answer
$2005-2015$ is the period proclaimed as the International Decade for action on Water for Life.
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Question 491 Mark
Fill in the blanks: Cleaning of water is a process of removing ____________.
Answer
Cleaning of water is a process of removing pollutants.
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Question 501 Mark
What do you mean by sewage treatment?
Answer
The process of removal of pollutants to clean water before it enters a water body or is reuses in commonly termed as sewage treatment.
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