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VSQ (2 Marks)

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49 questions · self-marked practice — reveal the answer and mark yourself.

Question 12 Marks
What is humidity?
Answer
When water evaporates from different water bodies and land it turns into water vapours or moisture. Moisture in air at any time is known as humidity.
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Question 22 Marks
Why do astronauts wear space suits on the moon?
Answer
Astronauts have to wear special protective space suits filled with air when they go to the moon. If they did not wear these space suits, the counter pressure exerted by the body of the astronauts would make the blood vessels burst. The astronauts would bleed.
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Question 32 Marks
Why cities are more hotter than villages?
Answer
The temperature in cities is much higher than that of villages because the concrete and metals in the buildings and the tar and asphalt in the roads gets heated throughout the day and absorbs heat. This heat is released at night hence there is the difference in the temperature.
The crowded high rise buildings trap the warm air and thus raise the temperature of the cities.
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Question 42 Marks
What do you mean by absolute humidity?
Answer
The total amount of water vapour that is contained in the air at a given temperature is known as absolute humidity.
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Question 52 Marks
Name two type of rainfall.
Answer
  • Convection Rainfall.
  • Relief (Orographic) Rainfall.
  • Convection Rainfall.
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Question 62 Marks
How is carbon dioxide useful?
Answer
  1. Green plants use carbon dioxide to make their food and release oxygen.
  2. Humans or animals release carbon dioxide.
  3. The amount of carbon dioxide released by humans or animals seems to be equal to the amount used by the plants which make a perfect balance.
  4. However, the balance is upset by burning of fuels, like coal and oil. All this affects earth’s weather and climate.
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Question 72 Marks
We see a white trail behind jet planes flying in the sky. Explain the reasons for same.
Answer
Jet planes flying in the sky leave a white trail behind them. The moisture from their engines condenses. We see trails of this condensed moisture for some time when there is no air movement to disturb it.
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Question 82 Marks
Which is the uppermost layer of the atmosphere?
Answer
Exosphere:
  • The uppermost layer of the atmosphere is known as exosphere.
  • This layer has very thin air.
  • Light gases like helium and hydrogen float into the space from here.
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Question 92 Marks
Air above us presses us with a great force on our bodies. However, we don’t even feel it. Why?
Answer
Air above us presses us with a great force on our bodies. However, we don’t even feel it. This is because the air presses us from all directions and our body exerts a counter pressure.
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Question 102 Marks
Define the term climate.
Answer
The sum total of all weather conditions prevailing over large area for a longer period of time is called climate.
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Question 112 Marks
What is Cyclone?
Answer
A powerful and destructive storm with very high speed winds that moving in circular motion around an area of low pressure.
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Question 122 Marks
How do plants make use of nitrogen?
Answer
Plants need nitrogen for their survival. They cannot take Bacteria. That live in the soil and roots of some plants, take nitrogen from the air and changes its form so that plants can use it.
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Question 132 Marks
What is the third layer of atmosphere?
Answer
Mesosphere:
  • Mesosphere is the third layer of the atmosphere.
  • It lies above the stratosphere.
  • It extends up to a height of 80km.
  • Meteorites bum up in this layer on entering from the space.
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Question 142 Marks
Discuss the importance of stratosphere?
Answer
Importance of stratosphere:
  1. Above the troposphere lies the stratosphere. It extends up to a height of 50km. This layer is almost free from clouds and associated weather phenomenon, making conditions most ideal for flying aeroplanes.
  2. One important feature of stratosphere is that it contains a layer of ozone gas which protects us from the harmful effect of the sun rays.
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Question 152 Marks
Name different types of weather measuring instruments.
Answer
Thermometer– measures temperature.
Barometer– measures atmospheric pressure.
Rain gauge– measures amount of rainfall.
Wind wane– shows direction of wind.
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Question 162 Marks
Which is the second most plentiful gas in the atmosphere?
Answer
Oxygen is the second most plentiful gas in the atmosphere. Humans and animals use it for breathing. Green plants produce oxygen through photosynthesis and thus oxygen balance is maintained in air. This gets disturbed if we cut trees.
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Question 172 Marks
Define insolation.
Answer
Insolation is the incoming solar energy intercepted by the earth. The amount of insolation decreases from the equator towards poles.
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Question 182 Marks
What is the difference between weather and climate?
Answer
Weather is hour-hour conditions of atmosphere like hot humid weather may make us irritable but same day breezy or pleasant evening may make one cheerful. We have hot or cold climate over a period of few months.
Therefore we have daily forecast of weather and long term predictions of climatic conditions
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Question 192 Marks
What is moisture?
Answer
This term refers to degree of moisture present in the air. There is a definite limit to the quantity of moisture that can be held by the air at a specific temperature.
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Question 202 Marks
Name the two gases which influence the atmosphere to a great extent.
Answer
Two gases such as carbon dioxide and ozone influence the atmosphere to a large extent.Their percentage in the atmosphere is as under:
  • Carbon dioxide 0.03%
  • Ozone 0.00006%
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Question 212 Marks
Explain the circulation of air in atmosphere.
Answer
When air is heated it expands, becomes lighter and rises up:
  • Cold air is dense, so, it sinks down.
  • When hot air rises up, cold air from surrounding areas fills in the gap.
  • This is the process of circulation of air.
NOTES: News reports around the world.
  • Due to burning of fuels and cutting of trees $CO_2$ level are increasing
  • Globed sunscreen thinned
  • Warning unstoppable
  • It can bring back Jurassic era.
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Question 232 Marks
Name the different layers of atmosphere?
Answer
The different layer of atmosphere are: troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere.
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Question 242 Marks
What is weather?
Answer
Weather is short-term state of the atmosphere whether it is hot or cold, wet or dry. It is the hour to hour, day to day condition of the atmosphere.
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Question 252 Marks
Why do Astronauts wear a protective gear on moon?
Answer
Astronauts wear a protective suit filled with air when they go to moon because the counter pressure exerted by the body would make the blood vessels burst.
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Question 262 Marks
Atmosphere plays a dynamic role how?
Answer
Among the four major elements of environment, the atmosphere is most dynamic as changes take place in it not only from one season to another but also over shorter periods of few hours.
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Question 272 Marks
How air circulation takes place?
Answer
When air is heated, it expands, becomes lighter and goes up. Cold air is denser and heavy. That is why it tends to sink down. When hot air rises, cold air from surrounding area rushes there to fill in the gap. That is how air circulation takes place.
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Question 292 Marks
How do bacteria help plants use nitrogen?
Answer
Plants need nitrogen for their survival. They cannot take nitrogen directly from the air. Bacteria that live in the soil and roots of some plants take nitrogen from the air and change its form so that plants can use it.
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Question 302 Marks
Why don't we feel the air pressure?
Answer
The air above us presses us from all sides with great force but we do not feel it. This happens because our body exerts a counter pressure.
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Question 312 Marks
Why rain is important for us? How plants can help with water conservation?
Answer
Most of the ground water comes from rainwater. Plants help preserve water. When trees on hill sides are cut, rainwater flows down the bare mountains and can cause flooding of low lying areas.
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Question 322 Marks
What do you mean by maximum and minimum temperature?
Answer
Maximum temperature is the highest temperature of the day recorded about 2:00 PM.
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Question 332 Marks
What is a humid day?
Answer
A day when air is full of water vapour is called a humid day. With the air getting warmer its capacity to hold moisture increases so it becomes more humid. On such days clothes takes longer to dry and even body sweat does not evaporate easily.
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Question 342 Marks
Why is the atmosphere essential for life?
Answer
All living beings on this earth depend on the atmosphere for their survival. It provides us the air we breathe and protects us from the harmful effects of the sun’s rays. Without this blanket of protection, we would be baked alive by the heat of the sun during day and get frozen during night. So it is this mass of air that has made the temperature on the earth liveable.
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Question 352 Marks
Discuss the structure of the atmosphere.
Answer
Structure of the Atmosphere:The atmosphere is divided into five layers according to height, starting from the earth's surface.
  • Troposphere
  • Stratosphere
  • Mesosphere
  • Thermosphere
  • Exosphere
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Question 362 Marks
Define the term wind. Explain with examples.
Answer
The movement of air from high pressure to low pressure areas is called wind. For example wind blows dry leaves or strong wind uproots trees. Blowing smoke or dust is the work of wind. Strong wind makes it difficult to walk or hold umbrella.
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Question 372 Marks
Why amount of insolation decreases from equator towards poles?
Answer
Sun rays falls almost vertically on the equator and covers less space whereas sun rays falls at slanting angle on the poles and covers more space. Thus, the amount of insolation decreases from the equator towards the poles.
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Question 382 Marks
Define the term air pressure.
Answer
Air pressure is the pressure exerted by the weight of air on the earth's surface. As we move in the upper layers of atmosphere, the pressure falls rapidly.
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Question 392 Marks
What is rain? What is its importance?
Answer
Precipitation in liquid form is called rain. Most of the ground water comes from rainwater. It is important for survival of plants and animals. It brings fresh water to earth.
If rainfall is more or trees are cut on hills, rain water can cause flooding in low lying areas. If it is less than water scarcity or drought may occur.
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Question 402 Marks
How is nitrogen present in atmosphere used by plants?
Answer
Nitrogen is the most plentiful gas in the air.
  • Plants need nitrogen for their survival. They cannot take nitrogen directly from the air.
  • Bacteria in the soil or the roots fix nitrogen by changing its form so that plants can use it.
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Question 412 Marks
How is flooding of low lying areas caused?
Answer
When trees on hill sides are cut, rainwater flows down the bare mountains. This causes flooding of low lying areas.
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Question 422 Marks
Name the instrument which measures temperature?
Answer
Temperature is measured with the help of thermometer .Outdoor temperature is measured with the help of mercury thermometer.
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Question 432 Marks
How does air pressure vary from equator to poles and from surface to heights?
Answer
Variation in Distribution of Pressure:
  • As we go up the layers of atmosphere, the pressure falls rapidly.
  • The air pressure is highest at sea level
  • It decreases with increase in height.
  • Horizontally the distribution of air pressure is influenced by temperature of air at a given place.
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Question 442 Marks
How do all living beings depend on the atmosphere for their survival?
Answer
All living beings depend on the atmosphere for their survival:
  • Atmosphere provides them the air they breathe.
  • It protects them from the harmful effects of the sun's rays.
  • Without its protection, they would be baked alive by the heat of the sun during day and get frozen during night.
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Question 452 Marks
Why is the greenhouse effect important?
Answer
Carbon dioxide released in the atmosphere creates a greenhouse effect by trapping the heat radiated from the earth. It is therefore called a greenhouse gas and without it the earth would have been too cold to live in.
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Question 462 Marks
What are the types of rainfall?
Answer
Based on the mechanism rainfall can be of three types: Convectional, Orographic or Cyclonic.
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Question 472 Marks
What is green house effect?
Answer
Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere traps the heat radiated from the earth creating a green house effect. This makes the temperatures livable. Without this earth would have been too cold to live. But the increased emissions from vehicles and factories increases the temperature leading to global warming.
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Question 482 Marks
Why is temperature in cities much higher than that of villages?
Answer
In cities we find high rise buildings. The concrete and metals in these buildings and the asaphalt of roads get heated up during the day. This heat is released during the night.
Another reason is that the crowded high rise buildings of the cities trap the warm air and thus raise the temperature of the cities.
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