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Science M.C.Q-[Che-1M]

Carbon and its Compounds · CBSE STD 10 (CBSE - English Medium). 51 questions.

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Question 11 Mark
While cooking, if the bottom of the utensil is getting blackened on the outside, it means that:
  1. The food is not cooked completely.
  2. The fuel is not burning completely.
  3. The fuel is wet.
  4. The fuel is burning completely.
Answer
  1. The fuel is not burning completely.

Explanation:

While cooking, if the bottom of the utensil is getting blackened on its outer side, it means that the fuel is not burning properly, thereby leading to soot formation.

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Question 21 Mark
Which one of the following is not a fossil fuel?
  1. Petrol.
  2. Cock.
  3. Charcoal.
  4. Coal.
Answer
  1. Charcoal.

Explanation:

Charcoal is not a fossil fuel. It is formed from wood and coal.

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Question 31 Mark
Which of the following molecular formula corresponds to ethylbutanoate ester?
  1. C5H10O2
  2. C6H12O2
  3. C7H14O2
  4. C8H16O2
Answer
  1. C6H12O2

Explanation:

Ethylbutanoate ester has the molecular formula C6H12O2 (C2H5COOC3H7).

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Question 41 Mark
Which of the following cannot exhibit isomerism?
  1. C4H10
  2. C5H12
  3. C3H8
  4. C6H14
Answer
  1. C3H8

Explanation:

C3H8 is the compound which cannot exhibit isomerism, as it contains only 3 carbon atoms. Isomerism is possible only with hydrocarbons containing 4 or more carbon atoms.

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Question 51 Mark
Which of the following can damage optic nerve leading to blindness, if taken internally?
  1. CH3COOH
  2. C2H5OH
  3. NaHCO3
  4. CH3OH
Answer
  1. CH3OH

Explanation:

CH3OH (methanol), when consumed, oxidises into methanal into the liver. This causes coagulation of protoplasm in the cells, as methanal reacts rapidly with the components of the cells. Due to this, the cells stop functioning and damage the optic nerve leading to blindness.

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Question 61 Mark
Which of the following burns by producing a yellow, luminous flame?
  1. Natural gas.
  2. Coke.
  3. Wax.
  4. Charcoal.
Answer
  1. Wax.

Explanation:

Due to incomplete combustion, wax burns by producing a yellow, luminous flame.

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Question 71 Mark
When ethanol reacts with sodium metal, it forms two products. These products are:
  1. Sodium ethanaoate and oxygen.
  2. Sodium ethanaoate and hydrogen.
  3. Sodium ethoxide and oxygen.
  4. Sodium ethoxide and hydrogen.
Answer
  1. Sodium ethoxide and hydrogen.

Explanation:

When ethanol reacts with sodium, sodium ethoxide is formed and hydrogen gas is evolved.

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Question 81 Mark
When ethanol is heated with concentrated sulphuric acid at 170°C, it gets converted into ethene. In this reaction, concentrated sulphuric acid acts as:
  1. Oxidising agent.
  2. Catalyst.
  3. Dehydrating agent.
  4. Reducing agent.
Answer
  1. Dehydrating agent.

Explanation:

Sulphuric acid acts as a dehydrating agent as it removes water molecules from the alcohol (ethanol), and converts it to ethane.

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Question 91 Mark
When ethanol is heated with alkaline potassium permanganate solution, it gets converted into ethanoic acid. In this reaction, alkaline potassium permanganate acts as:
  1. Reducing agent.
  2. Oxidising agent.
  3. Catalyst.
  4. Dehydrating agent.
Answer
  1. Oxidising agent.

Explanation:

Alkaline potassium permanganate solution is an aqueous solution of potassium permanganate. It acts as an oxidising agent by providing oxygen, and converts ethanol to ethanoic acid.

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Question 101 Mark
When a vegetable oil is treated with hydrogen in the presence of nickel (or palladium) catalyst, it forms a fat. This is an example of:
  1. Anodising reaction.
  2. Substitution reaction.
  3. Displacement reaction.
  4. Addition reaction.
Answer
  1. Addition reaction.

Explanation:

When a vegetable oil is treated with hydrogen in the presence of nickel or palladium catalyst, an addition reaction takes place and a saturated fat is formed.

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Question 111 Mark
Vinegar is a solution of about:
  1. 5 to 8 per cent ethanoic acid in alcohol.
  2. 5 to 8 per cent ethanoic acid in water.
  3. 50 to 80 per cent ethanoic acid in water.
  4. 50 to 80 per cent ethanoic acid in alcohol.
Answer
  1. 5 to 8 per cent ethanoic acid in water.

Explanation:

Vinegar is a solution comprising 5 to 8 percent ethanoic acids mixed with water.

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Question 121 Mark
The usual disease caused by the excessive drinking of alcohol over a long period of time is:
  1. Diabetes.
  2. Cataract.
  3. Cirrhosis.
  4. Arthritis.
Answer
  1. Cirrhosis.

Explanation:

Cirrhosis is the liver disease caused by the excessive consumption of alcohol over a prolonged period.

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Question 131 Mark
The substance which can produce brisk effervescence with baking soda solution is:
  1. Ethanol.
  2. Vegetable oil.
  3. Vinegar.
  4. Soap.
Answer
  1. Vinegar.

Explanation:

Vinegar can produce brisk effervescence with the baking soda solution.

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Question 141 Mark
The soap molecule has a:
  1. Hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail.
  2. Hydrophobic head and a hydrophilic tail.
  3. Hydrophobic head and a hydrophobic tail.
  4. Hydrophilic head and a hydrophilic tail.
Answer
  1. Hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail.

Explanation:

The soap molecule has a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail.

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Question 151 Mark
The property of self-combination of the atoms of the same element to form long chains is known as:
  1. Protonation.
  2. Carbonation.
  3. Coronation.
  4. Catenation.
Answer
  1. Catenation.

Explanation:

The property of atoms of an element to self-combine and form long chains is known as catenation.

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Question 161 Mark
The pencil leads are made of mainly:
  1. Lithium.
  2. Charcoal.
  3. Lead.
  4. Graphite.
Answer
  1. Graphite.

Explanation:

The pencil leads are mainly made of graphite.

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Question 171 Mark
The pair of elements which exhibits the property of catenation is:
  1. Sodium and silicon.
  2. Chlorine and carbon.
  3. Carbon and sodium.
  4. Silicon and carbon.
Answer
  1. Silicon and carbon.

Explanation:

Silicon and carbon exhibit the property of catenation.

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Question 181 Mark
The organic compounds which are isomeric with one another are:
  1. Alcohols and aldehydes.
  2. Aldehydes and carboxylic acids.
  3. Ketones and aldehydes.
  4. Alcohols and ketones.
Answer
  1. Ketones and aldehydes.

Explanation:

Ketones and aldehydes are the organic compounds which are isomeric to one another.

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Question 191 Mark
The organic compound prepared by Wohler from an inorganic compound called ammonium cyanate was:
  1. Glucose.
  2. Urea.
  3. Uric acid.
  4. Vinegar.
Answer
  1. Urea.

Explanation:

Urea is the organic compound prepared by Wohler from an inorganic compound called ammonium cyanate.

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Question 201 Mark
The number of isomers formed by the hydrocarbon with molecular formula C5H12 is:
  1. 2
  2. 5
  3. 3
  4. 4
Answer
  1. 3

Explanation:

The number of isomers formed by the hydrocarbon pentane, with molecular formula C5H12, is 3. They are n-pentane, isopentane and neopentane.

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Question 211 Mark
The number of covalent bonds in pentane (molecular formula C5H12) is:
  1. 5
  2. 12
  3. 17
  4. 16
Answer
  1. 16

Explanation:

The number of covalent bonds in pentane is 16.

This is clear from the structure of pentane shown below:

$ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{H}\ \ \ \ \text{H}\ \ \ \ \ \text{H}\ \ \ \ \ \text{H}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|}\ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|}\ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|}\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|}\\ \text{H}-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{C}-\text{H}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|} \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{|}\\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \text{H} \ \ \ \ \ \ \text{H}$

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Question 221 Mark
The number of carbon atoms present in the molecule of fifth member of the homologous series of alkynes is:
  1. Four.
  2. Five.
  3. Six.
  4. Seven.
Answer
  1. Six.

Explanation:

The number of carbon atoms present in the molecule of the fifth member of the homologous series of alkynes is 6, as the first compound of this series has minimum two carbon atoms.

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Question 231 Mark
The number of carbon atoms joined in a spherical molecule of buckminsterfullerene is:
  1. Fifty.
  2. Sixty.
  3. Seventy.
  4. Ninety.
Answer
  1. Sixty.

Explanation:

The number of carbon atoms joined in a spherical molecule of buckminsterfullerene is 60.

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Question 241 Mark
The number of carbon atoms in the organic compound named as 2,2-dimethylpropane is:
  1. Two.
  2. Five.
  3. Three.
  4. Four.
Answer
  1. Five.

Explanation:

The number of carbon atoms in the organic compound 2, 2-dimethylpropane (C5H12) is 5. 2, 2-dimethylpropane is one of the three isomers of pentane.

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Question 251 Mark
The molecular formula of the third member of the homologous series of ketones is:
  1. C4H8O
  2. C3H6O
  3. C5H10O
  4. C6H12O
Answer
  1. C5H10O

Explanation:

The molecular formula of the third member from the homologous series of ketones is C5H10O (Pentanone or C2H5-CO-C2H5).

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Question 261 Mark
The molecular formula of an organic compound is C48H94. This compound belongs to the homologous series of:
  1. Alkenes.
  2. Aldehydes.
  3. Alkynes.
  4. Alkanes.
Answer
  1. Alkynes.

Explanation:

The compound C48H94 belongs to the homologous series of alkynes, as it satisfies the general formula CnH2n-2.

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Question 271 Mark
The molecular formula of a homologue of butane is:
  1. C4H8
  2. C3H6
  3. C4H6
  4. C3H8
Answer
  1. C3H8

Explanation:

C3H8 is the molecular formula of a homologue of butane as it satisfies the general formula CnH2n+2 of the alkane series.

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Question 281 Mark
The molecular formulae of some organic compounds are given below. Which of these compounds contains an aldehyde group?
  1. C3H8O
  2. C3H6O2
  3. C3H6O
  4. C3H7Cl
Answer
  1. C3H6O

Explanation:

C3H6O contains an aldehydes group, as the compound satisfies the general formula of the aldehydes CnH2nO.

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Question 291 Mark
The hydrocarbon which has alternate single and double bonds arranged in the form of a ring is:
  1. Cyclobutane.
  2. Benzene.
  3. Butene.
  4. Hexene.
Answer
  1. Benzene.

Explanation:

Benzene is the hydrocarbon which has alternate single and double bonds arranged in the form of a ring.

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Question 301 Mark
The hydrocarbon 2-methylbutane is an isomer of:
  1. n-pentane.
  2. n-butane.
  3. Propane.
  4. Iso-butane.
Answer
  1. n-pentane.

Explanation:

The hydrocarbon 2-methylbutane is an isomer of n-pentane.

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Question 311 Mark
The functional group which always occurs in the middle of a carbon chain is:
  1. Alcohol group.
  2. Aldehyde group.
  3. Carboxyl group.
  4. Ketone group.
Answer
  1. Ketone group.

Explanation:

The ketone group (-CO-), with the general formula R-CO-R, is always present in the middle of a carbon chain.

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Question 321 Mark
The functional group present in propanal is:
  1. −OH
  2. −COOH
  3. −CO−
  4. −CHO
Answer
  1. −CHO

Explanation:

The functional group present in propanal (C2H5CHO) is -CHO (aldehydes group).

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Question 331 Mark
The fuel which usually burns with a blue flame is:
  1. Coal.
  2. LPG.
  3. Candle wax.
  4. Kerosene (in lamp).
Answer
  1. LPG.

Explanation:

LPG is the fuel which usually burns with a blue flame, as the burner of a stove has many holes to allow enough oxygen for complete combustion.

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Question 341 Mark
The chemical which is not required for the preparation of soap in the laboratory is:
  1. Vegetable oil.
  2. Baking soda.
  3. Caustic soda.
  4. Common salt.
Answer
  1. Baking soda.

Explanation:

Baking soda is not required for the preparation of soap in the laboratory. For the preparation of soap, vegetable oil, caustic soda and common salt are needed.

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Question 351 Mark
Out of the following pairs of compounds, the unsaturated compounds are:
  1. C2H6 and C4H6
  2. C6H12 and C5H12
  3. C4H6 and C6H12
  4. C2H6 and C4H10
Answer
  1. C4H6 and C6H12

Explanation:

C4H6 and C6H12 are unsaturated compounds as they correspond to the formula CnH2n-2 and CnH2n. They belong to the group alkyne and alkene respectively.

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Question 361 Mark
One of the following substances is not added to make denatured alcohol. This is:
  1. Methyl alcohol.
  2. Copper sulphate.
  3. Chloroform.
  4. Pyridine.
Answer
  1. Chloroform.

Explanation:

Chloroform is not an ingredient for manufacturing denatured alcohol. For denaturation of alcohol, methyl alcohol, copper sulphate and pyridine are used.

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Question 371 Mark
One of the following organic compounds cannot decolourise the red-brown colour bromine water. This compound is:
  1. C14H28
  2. C7H12
  3. C6H14
  4. C9H16
Answer
  1. C6H14

Explanation:

C6H14 is an alkane as its formula can be expressed as CnH2n+2. Alkanes are stable and cannot decolourize reddish-brown bromine water in the absence of a catalyst.

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Question 381 Mark
One of the following molecular formulae represents a ketone. This formula is:
  1. C5H12O
  2. C6H12O2
  3. C6H14O
  4. C6H12O
Answer
  1. C6H12O

Explanation:

C6H12O (hexanone or C2H5-CO-C3H7) represents a ketone.

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Question 391 Mark
One of the following molecular formula can represent two organic compounds having different functional groups. This molecular formula is:
  1. C5H12O
  2. C5H10O
  3. C5H10O2
  4. C5H12
Answer
  1. C5H10O

Explanation:

C5H10O represents two organic compounds ketones (C2H5-CO-C2H5) and aldehydes (C2H5-CH2-CH2-CHO) which have different functional groups.

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Question 401 Mark
One of the following is not an allotrope of carbon. This is:
  1. Diamond.
  2. Graphite.
  3. Cumene.
  4. Buckministerfullerene.
Answer
  1. Cumene.

Explanation:

Cumene is not an allotrope of carbon. Allotropes of carbon are diamond, graphite and buckminsterfullerene.

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Question 411 Mark
One of the following burns without producing a flame. This is:
  1. Wood.
  2. Charcoal.
  3. LPG.
  4. Candle.
Answer
  1. Charcoal.

Explanation:

Charcoal glows red and burns without a flame.

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Question 421 Mark
In a soap micelle, the soap molecules are arranged radially with:
  1. Ionic ends directed towards the centre and hydrocarbon ends directed outwards.
  2. Hydrocarbon ends directed towards the centre and ionic ends directed outwards.
  3. Both ionic ends and hydrocarbon ends directed toward the centre.
  4. Both hydrocarbon ends and ionic ends directed outwards
Answer
  1. Hydrocarbon ends directed towards the centre and ionic ends directed outwards.

Explanation:

In a soap micelle, the soap molecules are arranged radially with the hydrocarbon ends, i.e. hydrophobic, directed towards the centre; and, ionic ends, i.e. hydrophilic, directed outwards.

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Question 431 Mark
Chlorine reacts with saturated hydrocarbons at room temperature in the:
  1. Absence of sunlight.
  2. Presence of sunlight.
  3. Absence of moisture.
  4. Presence of H2SO4
Answer
  1. Presence of sunlight.

Explanation:

When chlorine reacts with saturated hydrocarbons at room temperature and in the presence of sunlight, substitution reaction takes place.

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Question 441 Mark
Butanone is a four-carbon compound having the functional group:
  1. −OH
  2. −COOH
  3. −CO−
  4. −CHO
Answer
  1. −CO−

Explanation:

Butanone (C2H5-CO-CH3) is a four-carbon compound having the functional group -CO- (ketones).

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Question 451 Mark
Buckminsterfullerene is an allotropic form of the element:
  1. Phoshorus.
  2. Fluorine.
  3. Carbon.
  4. Sulphur.
Answer
  1. Carbon.

Explanation:

Buckminsterfullerene is an allotropic form of the element carbon, and contains 60 carbon atoms joined in a spherical structure.

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Question 461 Mark
A saturated hydrocarbon has fifty hydrogen atom in its molecule. The number of carbon atoms in its molecule will be:
  1. Twenty five.
  2. Twenty four.
  3. Twenty six.
  4. Twenty seven.
Answer
  1. Twenty four.

Explanation:

Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons that have the general formula CnH2n+2. According to the question, the number of hydrogen atoms is 50, i.e.,

2n + 2 = 50.

$\therefore \text{n}=\frac{48}{2}=24$

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Question 471 Mark
An unsaturated hydrocarbon having a triple covalent bond has 50 hydrogen atoms in its molecule. The number of carbon atoms in its molecule will be:
  1. 24
  2. 25
  3. 26
  4. 28
Answer
  1. 26

Explanation:

The general formula for unsaturated hydrocarbons with triple bond, is CnH2n - 2. Where 'n' is the number of atoms in one molecule. If the number of hydrogen atoms in its molecule is 50, then the number of carbon atoms should be 26 (2n - 2 = 50; therefore, n = 26).

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Question 481 Mark
An alkyne has seventy five carbon atoms in its molecule. The number of hydrogen atoms in its molecule will be:
  1. 150
  2. 148
  3. 152
  4. 146
Answer
  1. 148

Explanation:

The number of hydrogen atoms in an alkyne that has 75 carbon atoms in its molecule is 148. The general formula of the alkynes is CnH2n - 2, where 'n' is the number of carbon atoms in each molecule. Substituting n = 75 in the formula of alkynes, we get the number of hydrogen atoms to be 148.

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Question 491 Mark
A hydrocarbon having one double bond has 100 carbon atoms in its molecule. The number of hydrogen atoms in its molecule will be:
  1. 200
  2. 198
  3. 202
  4. 196
Answer
  1. 200

Explanation:

Alkenes have double bonds and are represented by the formula CnH2n. Here, 'n' is the number of carbon atoms in its molecule. Therefore, substituting 'n' with 100 in the formula of the alkenes, we get 200 hydrogen atoms.

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Question 501 Mark
A diamond-toothed saw is usually used for cutting:
  1. Steel girders.
  2. Logs of wood.
  3. Marble slabs.
  4. Asbestos sheets.
Answer
  1. Marble slabs.

Explanation:

A diamond-toothed saw is usually used for cutting marble slabs.

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