[5 marks Questions]

Question 15 Marks

i. Name the disorder which a person is likely to suffer from due to the following:
I. Over-secretion of growth hormone
II. Deficiency of oestrogen in females
III. Less secretion of thyroxineAlso name the gland that secretes each of the hormones mentioned above.
ii. How is the timing and amount of hormone released regulated? Explain with the help of an example.

Answer

i. I. Over-secretion of growth hormone - gigantism and growth hormones is secreted by anterior pituitary gland.
II. Deficiency of estrogen in females caused female hypogonadism. It is secreted from ovaries.
III. Less secretion of thyroxine caused hypothyroidism. It is secreted thyroid gland.
ii. In humans, the timing and amount of hormone secretion are regulated by the feedback mechanism by the end product. For example, the pancreas is triggered to release the insulin when the positive feedback is given by the increase of sugar level in blood.

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Question 25 Marks

Mita observed that her grandmother was preparing a family tree. On enquiring why it was done, she explained that it was necessary to know our roots as we have inherited many traits from our ancestors. She also mentioned that now everybody wants to live in a nuclear family and joint families have disappeared. Read the given passage and answer the following questions:
i. Name the mammal with whom human shows maximum similarity in terms of evolutionary?
ii. Mita has hazel colored eyes which match with her mother's eyes. Suggest a reason for this similarity in eye color between Mita and her mother.
iii. What values do you think children would learn in a joint family?

Answer

. i. Chimpanzee is the mammal which shows maximum similarity with the human.
ii. The reason for the same eye color of Mita and her mother is the gene for hazel eye color which inherited to Mita from her mother.
iii. Sharing and caring, respect for elders and concern for others are the values learned in a joint family.

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