Science [2 Mark Questions]

When white light is refracted through a glass prism, it gets split into its constituting colours at different angles. This phenomenon is called Dispersion of Light. Forming a rainbow,

Least deviated colour is red whereas most deviated colour is violet. When second identical prism is placed in an inverted position with respect to first prism, recombination of the spectrum will take place and white light will be obtained.

In a food chain, if a grasshopper is eaten by a frog, then the energy transfer will be between primary consumer and secondary consumer.
Grasshopper feeds on producers, i.e. the grass and plants which starts the food chain. So, it occupies the level of primary consumer and stores energy in the form of biomass which is taken up by frog by eating grasshopper thus frog becomes the secondary consumer.

Bowman's capsule and glomerulus have semipermeable walls. The glomerulus, is a tuft of capillaries contained in Bowman's capsule. The water and dissolved substances (wastes and useful) are filtered into the Bowman's capsule and from here they are sent into the tubule. Thus, both the structures act as filtering apparatus.

In multi-cellular organisms like humans, various body parts have specialized in the functions they perform. All the cells with in different parts of human body need oxygen but all are not exposed to surrounding environment for intake of oxygen through diffusion. Therefore, process of diffusion is insufficient to meet the oxygen requirements of multi-cellular organisms like human.

• The internal fertilization process occurs within the body of female whereas, in external fertilization, fusion of sperm and egg occurs externally of the female body.
• After the internal fertilization, egg will come out of the body having a thick shell whereas, in external fertilization, eggs are produced with thin tertiary membrane or without membrane.
• External fertilization needs water, whereas internal fertilization does not need water to fertilize.
• Organisms involved in external fertilization have mobile male gametes with flagella, whereas organisms involved in internal fertilization has immobile male gametes.
• In internal fertilization, wastage of gametes is lower, whereas wastage of gametes is higher in external fertilization.
• Organisms that involved in internal fertilization produce lower number of gametes, whereas organisms involved in external fertilization produce a large number of gametes.
• Survival of organisms that involved in internal fertilization is higher than the survival of organisms involved in external fertilization.