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Science M.C.Q-[Phy-1M]

Sources of Energy · CBSE STD 10 (CBSE - English Medium). 68 questions.

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M.C.Q-[Phy-1M]

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Question 11 Mark
Which one of the following is not renewable energy technology?
  1. Solar cells.
  2. Windmills.
  3. Nuclear power.
  4. Tidal power.
Answer
  1. Nuclear power.

Explanation:

Nuclear power is a non-renewable form of energy, because nuclear materials are limited and hence we will run out of them one day.

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Question 21 Mark
Which of the following is used as a moderator in the reactor of a nuclear power station?
  1. Liquid sodium.
  2. Boron.
  3. Graphite.
  4. Carbon dioxide.
Answer
  1. Graphite.

Explanation:

Graphite acts a moderator in the reactor by slowing down fast-moving neutrons in it.

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Question 31 Mark
Which of the following is ultimately not derived from the sun's energy (or solar energy)?
  1. Wind energy.
  2. Nuclear energy.
  3. Biomass energy.
  4. Ocean thermal energy.
Answer
  1. Nuclear energy.

Explanation:

Nuclear energy comes from the nucleus of an atom.

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Question 41 Mark
Which of the following is not produced by the burning of fossil fuels?
  1. Nitrogen oxides.
  2. Sulphur oxides.
  3. Sodium oxides.
  4. Carbon oxides.
Answer
  1. sodium oxides.

Explanation:

The burning of fossil fuels produces sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide ancarbon dioxided.

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Question 51 Mark
Which of the following is not a renewable source of energy?
  1. Wind.
  2. Flowing water.
  3. Fossil fuels.
  4. Fuel wood.
Answer
  1. Fossil fuels.

Expalanation:

Fossil fuels are non-renewable sources of energy because they are present in limited amounts on the earth.

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Question 61 Mark
Which of the following is not an example of a biomass energy source?
  1. Wood.
  2. Biogas.
  3. Atomic energy.
  4. Cow-dung.
Answer
  1. Atomic energy.

Explanation:

Atomic energy is considered to be coming from atoms.

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Question 71 Mark
Which of the following is not a fossil source of energy?
  1. Kerosene oil.
  2. Cow-dung cakes.
  3. CNG.
  4. Coal.
Answer
  1. Cow-dung cakes.

Explanation:

Fossil fuels take thousands of years to form deep under the earth. Cow dung does not come under this category of fuels.

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Question 81 Mark
Which of the following is not a fossil fuel?
  1. Coal.
  2. Petroleum gas.
  3. Biogas.
  4. Natural gas.
Answer
  1. Biogas.

Explanation:

Fossils form deep under the earth's surface from the prehistoric remains of living organisms. Biogas is a mixture of methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen and hydrogen sulphide. It is produced by the anaerobic degradation of animal wastes such as cow dung in the presence of water.

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Question 91 Mark
Which of the following is not a consequence of establishing hydroelectric power plants?
  1. Displacement of people.
  2. Production of methane.
  3. Occurrence of floods.
  4. Ecological disturbance.
Answer
  1. Occurrence of floods.

Explanation:

All the other given problems can be the consequences of establishing hydroelectric power plants.

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Question 101 Mark
Which of the following is more environment friendly?
  1. Burning of diesel.
  2. Burning of coal.
  3. Burning of charcoal.
  4. Burning of wood.
Answer
  1. Burning of charcoal.

Explanation:

Charcoal does not produce smoke while burning, so it is more environment friendly than the other fuels mentioned.

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Question 111 Mark
Which of the following fuels has the highest calorific value?
  1. Natural gas.
  2. Methane gas.
  3. Hydrogen gas.
  4. Biogas.
Answer
  1. Hydrogen gas.

Explanation:

Hydrogen gas has the highest calorific value (150kJ/ g).

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Question 121 Mark
Which of the following can undergo nuclear fusion reaction?
  1. Uranium.
  2. Deuterium.
  3. Barium.
  4. Krypton.
Answer
  1. Deuterium.

Explanation:

In nuclear fusion, two nuclei of light elements such as that of hydrogen are combined to form a heavy nucleus. Deuterium atoms are the hydrogen atoms of mass number 2.

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Question 131 Mark
Which of the following can be produced during the nuclear fission as well as nuclear fusion reactions?
  1. Protons.
  2. Deutrons.
  3. Electrons.
  4. Neutrons.
Answer
  1. Neutrons.

Explanation:

In both reactions, neutrons can be produced.

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Question 141 Mark
The world's known coal reserves are expected to last for about:
  1. 200 years.
  2. 400 years.
  3. 500 years.
  4. 100 years.
Answer
  1. 200 years.

Explanation:

The world's known coal reserves are expected to last for about 200 years.

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Question 151 Mark
The value of solar constant is:
  1. 1.4kWh.
  2. 1.4kW/ m.
  3. 1.4kW/ m2.
  4. 1.4kW/ m3.
Answer
  1. 1.4 kW/ m2.

Explanation:

The value of the solar constant is 1.4kW/ m2.

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Question 161 Mark
The ultimate source of energy stored in fossil fuels is:
  1. Moon.
  2. Earth.
  3. Sun.
  4. Sea.
Answer
  1. Sun.

Explanation:

The sun is the ultimate source of energy stored in all fossil fuels.

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Question 171 Mark
The source of energy of the sun is:
  1. Conversion of hydrogen gas into helium.
  2. Conversion of carbon fuel into carbon dioxide.
  3. Burning of hydrogen gas present in the sun.
  4. Disintegration of uranium into barium and krypton.
Answer
  1. Conversion of hydrogen gas into helium.

Explanation:

The sun's energy is derived from the fusion of hydrogen nuclei into helium nuclei.

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Question 181 Mark
The rise of sea-water during high tide is caused by the gravitational pull of the:
  1. Sun.
  2. Earth.
  3. Moon.
  4. Mars.
Answer
  1. Moon.

Explanation:

High tide is the rise of sea water due to the gravitational pull of the moon.

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Question 191 Mark
There are four fuels which all contain only carbon and hydrogen. The fuel having highest calorific value will be one which has:
  1. More of carbon but less of hydrogen.
  2. Less of carbon but more of hydrogen.
  3. Equal proportions of carbon and hydrogen.
  4. Less of carbon as well as less of hydrogen.
Answer
  1. Less of carbon but more of hydrogen gas.

Explanation:

 The fuel with the highest calorific value would have less carbon and more hydrogen, because hydrogen has a higher calorific value than carbon.

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Question 201 Mark
The radiations present in sunlight which make a solar cooker work are:
  1. Visible light rays.
  2. Ultraviolet rays.
  3. Comic rays.
  4. Infrared rays.
Answer
  1. Infrared rays.

Explanation:

Infrared rays make sunlight warm. The warmth of sunlight is used in a solar cooker.

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Question 211 Mark
The product of petroleum used to drive heavy vehicles like trucks is:
  1. Petrol.
  2. Kerosene.
  3. Diesel.
  4. Carbon oxide.
Answer
  1. Diesel.

Explanation:

Diesel is used to drive heavy vehicles.

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Question 221 Mark
The part of box-type solar cooker which is responsible for producing greenhouse effect is:
  1. Plane mirror reflector.
  2. Black coating inside the box.
  3. Glass sheet cover.
  4. Utensils placed in the cooker box.
Answer
  1. Glass-sheet cover.

Explanation:

The part of a box-type solar cooker that is responsible for producing a greenhouse effect is its glass-sheet cover.

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Question 231 Mark
The non-renewable source of energy among the following is:
  1. Hydroelectricity.
  2. Sewage gas.
  3. Natural gas.
  4. Gobar gas.
Answer
  1. Natural gas.

Explanation:

Natural gas is a non-renewable source of energy. The others are renewable sources.

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Question 241 Mark
The natural gas consists mainly of:
  1. Methane.
  2. Ethane.
  3. Propane.
  4. Butane.
Answer
  1. Methane.

Explanation:

Natural gas consists mainly of methane.

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Question 251 Mark
The minimum speed of wind necessary for the satisfactory working of a wind generator to produce electricity is about:
  1. 15km/ h.
  2. 25km/ h.
  3. 35km/ h.
  4. 45km/ h.
Answer
  1. 15km/ h.

Explanation:

The minimum speed of wind should be 15km/h for the satisfactory working of a wind generator.

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Question 261 Mark
The major component of biogas is:
  1. Hydrogen.
  2. Butane.
  3. Hydrogen sulphide.
  4. Methane.
Answer
  1. Methane.

Explanation:

The major component of biogas is methane gas. Up to 75 per cent of biogas consists of methane.

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Question 271 Mark
The major cause of environmental pollution is the use of:
  1. Hydrogen as fuel.
  2. Biomass energy.
  3. Ocean energy.
  4. Fossil fuels.
Answer
  1. Fossil fuels.

Explanation:

The burning of fossil fuels produces acidic gases and large amounts of carbon dioxide and smoke, all of which pollute the environment.

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Question 281 Mark
The main constituent of petroleum gas is:
  1. Methane.
  2. Ethane.
  3. Butane.
  4. Propane.
Answer
  1. Butane.

​​​​​​​Explanation:

Butane is the main constituent of petroleum gas.

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Question 291 Mark
The heat energy released during nuclear fission and fusion is due to the:
  1. Conversion of stored chemicals into energy.
  2. Conversion of momentum into energy.
  3. Conversion of mass into energy.
  4. Conversion of magnetism into energy.
Answer
  1. Conversion of mass into energy.

Explanation:

in both the reactions, heat energy is released owing to the conversion of mass into energy.

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Question 301 Mark
The harnessing of which of the following leads to the destruction of large eco-systems?
  1. Thermal power.
  2. Tidal power.
  3. Hydro power.
  4. Geothermal power.
Answer
  1. Hydropower.

Explanation:

Hydropower projects have many adverse affects on the surroundings and the environment.

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Question 311 Mark
The fuel which is not used at thermal power plants is:
  1. Coal.
  2. Uranium.
  3. Natural gas.
  4. Fuel oil.
Answer
  1. Uranium.

Explanation:

Thermal power plants use only coal, oil or gas as fuel.

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Question 321 Mark
The fuel which is not obtained from biomass is:
  1. Firewood.
  2. Cow-dung cakes.
  3. Coke.
  4. Charcoal.
Answer
  1. Coke.

Explanation:

Coke cannot be obtained from biomass.

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Question 331 Mark
The fuel having the lowest calorific value is:
  1. Coal.
  2. Wood.
  3. Charcoal.
  4. Kerosene.
Answer
  1. Wood.

Explanation:

Wood has the lowest calorific value among the given fuels.

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Question 341 Mark
The fuel having a calorific value of 55 kJ/g is likely to be:
  1. Biogas.
  2. Methane gas.
  3. Hydrogen gas.
  4. Natural gas.
Answer
  1. Methane gas.

Explanation:

Methane has a calorific value of 55kJ/ g.

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Question 351 Mark
The fossil fuel whose known reserves in the earth are expected to last for the minimum period is:
  1. Coal.
  2. Uranium.
  3. Petroleum.
  4. Natural gas.
Answer
  1. Petroleum.

Explanation:

The known reserves of petroleum are expected to last for about 40 years.

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Question 361 Mark
The energy produced by converting 1 gram mass of a nuclear fuel into energy completely is:
  1. 9 × 1016J.
  2. 9 × 1014J.
  3. 9 × 1015J.
  4. 9 × 1013J.
Answer
  1. 9 × 1013J.

Explanation:

The energy produced by converting 1 gram (1/1000kg) mass of a nuclear fuel is given by Einstein's equation as

$\text{E=mc}^{2}$

$=\Big(\frac{1}{1000}\Big)\times(3\times10^{8})^{2}=9\times10^{13}\text{J}$

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Question 371 Mark
The energy in the reactor of a nuclear power station is produced by the process of:
  1. Nuclear diffusion.
  2. Nuclear fission.
  3. Nuclear fusion.
  4. Nuclear fermentation.
Answer
  1. Nuclear fission.

Explanation:

In a nuclear reactor, the controlled fission of uranium-235 produces a large amount of heat energy.

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Question 381 Mark
The disposal of waves produced in a nuclear power plant poses a big problem because it is:
  1. Too heavy.
  2. Highly inflammable.
  3. Extremely foul smelling.
  4. Highly radioactive.
Answer
  1. Highly radioactive.

Explanation:

The waste materials produced by the fission of uranium-235 in a nuclear power plant are radioactive and hence extremely harmful to all living things.

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Question 391 Mark
The 'coolants' which can be used in the reactor of a nuclear power station are:
  1. Liquid mercury and nitrogen dioxide.
  2. Liquid sodium and carbon dioxide.
  3. Liquid ammonia and carbon monoxide.
  4. Liquid boron and uranium oxide.
Answer
  1. Liquid sodium and carbon dioxide.

Explanation:

Liquid sodium and carbon dioxide are used in order to transfer the heat produced in the reactor by fission to the heat exchanger, for converting water into steam.

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Question 401 Mark
The control rods used in the reactor of a nuclear power plant are made of:
  1. Steel.
  2. Graphite.
  3. Uranium.
  4. Boron.
Answer
  1. Boron.

Explanation:

Boron is used in the control rods as it absorbs neutrons.

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Question 411 Mark
The constituent of biogas which makes it an excellent fuel is:
  1. Butane.
  2. Methane.
  3. Propane.
  4. Ethane.
Answer
  1. Methane.

Explanation:

Up to 75 per cent of biogas consists of methane gas, which makes it an excellent fuel.

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Question 421 Mark
The aviation fuel which is used in the engines of jet aeroplanes is:
  1. Diesel.
  2. Kerosene.
  3. Petrol.
  4. CNG.
Answer
  1. Kerosene.

Explanation:

A special grade of kerosene oil is used as aviation fuel in jet aero planes.

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Question 431 Mark
Solar cells are made of:
  1. Conductors.
  2. Insulators.
  3. Semi-conductors.
  4. Super-conductors.
Answer
  1. Semi-conductors.

Explanation:

Solar cells are made of semiconductors.

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Question 441 Mark
One type of energy which has not been controlled so far is:
  1. Ocean thermal energy.
  2. Nuclear fusion energy.
  3. Geothermal energy.
  4. Nuclear fission energy.
Answer
  1. Nuclear fusion energy.

Explanation:

The energy produced in a nuclear fusion reaction is much more than that produced in a nuclear fission reaction and has not been controlled so far.

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Question 451 Mark
One of the following is not required in the formation of biogas in a biogas plant. This is:
  1. Cow-dung.
  2. Water.
  3. Oxygen.
  4. Anaerobic bacteria.
Answer
  1. Oxygen.

Explanation:

Oxygen is not required for the production of biogas.

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Question 461 Mark
One of the following is not a characteristic of a good fuel. This is:
  1. High calorific value.
  2. No emission of smoke.
  3. Smooth burning.
  4. High ignition temperature.
Answer
  1. High ignition temperature.

Explanation:

A good fuel should not have a high ignition temperature.

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Question 471 Mark
One of the following does not contribute to acid rain. That is:
  1. Nitrogen monoxide.
  2. Sulphur dioxide.
  3. Carbon monoxide.
  4. Carbon dioxide.
Answer
  1. Carbon monoxide.

Explanation:

Only nitrogen oxides, sulphur dioxide and carbon dioxide are responsible for acid rain.

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Question 481 Mark
One MeV of nuclear energy is equivalent to:
  1. 1.6 × 10−13J.
  2. 1.6 × 10−19J.
  3. 1.6 × 10−16J.
  4. 1.6 × 10−15J.
Answer
  1. 1.6 × 10−13J.

Explanation:

One MeV of nuclear energy is equal to 1.6 × 10-13 J.

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Question 491 Mark
One eV (electron volt) of nuclear energy is equivalent of:
  1. 1.6 × 10−14J.
  2. 1.6 × 10−12J.
  3. 1.6 × 10−19J.
  4. 1.6 × 10−13J.
Answer
  1. 1.6 × 10−19J.

Explanation:

It is the amount of energy acquired by an electron having a charge of 1.6 × 10−19J, when accelerated through a potential difference of 1 volt.

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Question 501 Mark
One atomic mass unit (u) is equivalent to an energy of:
  1. 931eV.
  2. 9.31MeV.
  3. 1MeV.
  4. 931MeV.
Answer
  1. 931MeV.

Explanation:

One atomic mass unit is equal to 931MeV.

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