Social Studies SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS(3 Mark)

In the given case, due to lack of alternative source of income, Nita is putting her labour in agriculture where it is not needed. Nita seems to be employed but actually she is in a situation known as disguised unemployment. Disguised unemployment is a kind of unemployment in which some people look like being employed but are actually not employed fully. This situation is also known as Hidden Unemployment. In such a situation more people are engaged in work than required.

Since India is a vast country with cultural and liguistic diversity, hence the nature of federation here is 'holding together'.
i. The states have been not been given identical powers with Union government.
ii. Few states have been given special status - like Jammu and Kashmir and North-eastern states in order to protect and preserve their custom, tradition, culture and linguistic diversity.
iii. Apart from these some territories of the Indian Union like Chandigarh, Lakshadweep or the capital city of Delhi are administered by the Union government hence known as Union Territories.

i. As per the given data in the table, Unorganised sector is providing jobs to 370 millions people hence it is the most important sector which provides most jobs to people.
ii. 370 million people are engaged in the unorganised sector.
iii. Unorganised sector is important as it provides employment to a large number of people.

i. In 2004, India was the largest exporter of steel which accounted for 2.25 per cent of the global steel trade.
ii. In 2019 with 111 million tonnes of crude steel production, India ranked 2nd among the world crude steel producers. It is the largest producer of sponge iron. In 2019 per capita consumption of finished steel in the country was only around 74.3 kg per annum against the world average of 229.3 kg.

Indian cotton industry has a fair position at the international level. As India has the second largest installed capacity of spindles in the world, next to china at around 34 million. We have a large share in the world trade of cotton yarn, accounting for one fourth of total trade. Our trade in garments is only four percent of the world's total. Our spinning mills are competitive at global level and capable of using all the fiber products.

Louise-Sebastien Mercier, a novelist in 18th century France described the impact of the printed word, and the power of reading in one of his books in the following way:
a. He compares himself to a man dying of thirst and gulping down some fresh, pure water.
b. He lighted the lamp and started reading page to page. A clock struck off the hours in the silence of the shadows and he heard nothing
c. In spite of the oil being run out in the lamp, he kept on reading. He did not want to interrupt his pleasure of reading.