Social Studies SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS(3 Mark)

From 1780, James Augustus Hickey began to edit the Bengal Gazette, a weekly magazine that described Itself as a commercial paper open to all. but influenced by none.
i. It was a private English weekly magazine in India, independent of colonial influence.
ii. Hickey not only published a lot of advertisement including the import and sale of slaves but also published lots of gossip about the Company's senior officials in India.
iii. Enraged by this, Governor-General Warren Hastings persecuted Hickey, and encouraged the publication of officially sanctioned newspapers that could counter the flow of information that damaged the image of the colonial government.

New forms of popular literature like almanacs, newspapers, and journals, appeared in print targeting new audiences in the eighteenth century in the following ways :
i. Books could reach a wider population. Even those who disagreed with existing customers could express themselves through print.
ii. Novels carried themes related to women's lives and emotions. Such journals were often written and edited by women themselves.
iii. With the expansion of compulsory education, children became important readers. A children's press was devoted to children literature alone. It published old fairy tales and folk tales along with new works. Grimm Brothers spent years compiling folk tales. All that was considered unsuitable was not included.
iv. Fictional narratives, poetic, autobiographies, anthologies, and romantic plays were preferred by new readers.