Social Studies SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS(3 Mark)

The Non-Cooperation Movement drew into its fold the struggles of peasants and tribals. It became wider with the integration of the Awadh Peasants Struggle :
- In Awadh, peasants were led by Baba Ramchandra. Here the movement was against talukdars and landlords. Peasants had to do begar and had no right over the leased land.
- The peasant movement demanded a reduction of revenue. Nai-dhobi bandhs were organised. Oudh Kisan Sabha was organised headed by Jawaharlal Nehru and Baba Ramchandra.
- This Awadh peasant struggle was integrated with the Non-Cooperation movement into the wider struggle.

The following points analyse the role of merchants and the industrialists in the Civil Disobedience Movement :
i. During the First World War, Indian merchants and industrialists made huge profits and emerged as a powerful section. They opposed colonial policies that restricted business activities because they wanted to expand their business.
ii. They wanted protection against imports of foreign goods and a rupee sterling foreign exchange ratio that would discourage imports.
iii. The industrialists criticised colonial control over the Indian economy and supported the Civil Disobedience Movement at its first stage.
iv. They gave financial assistance and refused to buy or sell imported goods.
v. Most industrialists thought 'Swaraj' as a time when colonial restriction did not exist in the business world, as a result, trade and business would flourish without constraints.