Social Studies SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS(3 Mark)

Although the organised sector offers jobs that are the most sought-after, yet it contributes only a meager 17% of employment. This can be due to various reasons like:
• The employment opportunities in the organised sector have been expanding very slowly. This causes the workforce to rely on unorganised sectors for employment.
• It is also common to find many organised sector enterprises in the unorganised sector.
They adopt such strategies to evade taxes and refuse to follow laws that protect labourers. As a result, a large number of workers are forced to enter the unorganised sector jobs, which pay a very low salary.
• Since 1990s a large no of workers are losing their jobs in the organised sector. These workers Are forced to take up jobs in unorganised sector with low earnings.

India is basically known as a land of unity in diversity. Although it is a vast country with people following different religions and speaking different languages, it has succeeded in maintaining the unity and integrity due to the following reasons:
i. Right to equality.
ii. No discrimination on the basis of caste, creed, region or religion.
iii. SCs and STs have some seats reserved and do get representation.
iv. Right to freedom of religion and cultural and educational rights.
v. No official religion or language followed in the country. All religions are treated equally.

i. Loan provided can be used to construct a well, or to buy better quality of seeds and pesticides.
ii. Irrigation facilities can help a farmer to take a second crop, say wheat, during a rabi season which will help provide employment to more persons and lead to increase in income.
iii. Transportation facility will facilitate taking their produce to the market to sell.

i. Mini steel plants are smaller, have electric furnaces, use steel scrap, and sponge iron. They have re-rollers that use steel ingots as well. They produce mild and alloy steel of given specifications.
ii. An integrated steel plant is large, handles everything in one complex from putting together raw material to steel making, rolling and shaping. Examples Tata steel power limited, Bhilai steel limited, Bokaro steel limited (mention any one)

i. We have a large share in the world trade of cotton yarn, accounting for one-fourth of the total trade. However, our trade-in garments is only 4 percent of the world's total. Our spinning mills are competitive at the global level and capable of using all the fibres we produce.
ii. The weaving, knitting and processing units cannot use much of the high-quality yarn that is produced in the country.
iii. Therefore, many of our spinners export cotton yarn while apparel/garment manufacturers have to import fabric.
iv. If weaving sector is improved, then yarn can be used in the country and garments can be exported to earn foreign exchange for the country.

It is difficult for us to imagine a world without printed matter because:
a. We find print everywhere around us in books, newspapers, journals, magazines, famous paintings, official circulars, calendars, diaries, advertisements and cinema posters.
b. We read printed literature, books, novels and stories. Newspapers are being read every day and track public debates.
c. Printed matter helps in preservation and dissemination of history, scientific knowledge and culture, etc.