Account Assertion and Reason.

Assertion (A): Unfavourable balance as per Pass Book is Debit Balance.
Reason (R): Favourable Balance as per Cash Book is Debit Balance.

Assertion (A): For transactions which reduce the Cash Book balance, Passbook must be decreased for the purpose of reconciliation of BRS.
Reason (R): If BRS is prepared with Passbook Balance.

Assertion (A): Interest collected by bank is recorded on the credit side of Cash Book in Bank column.
Reason (R): Customer can give instruction to the bank to collect interest on behalf of customer

Assertion (A): Cheque issued but not presented in the bank are called unpresented cheque.
Reason (R): It is not compulsory to present the cheque in the bank to receive the payment.

Assertion (A): Bank statement is prepared by Bank.
Reason (R): All business firms open current account with banks.

Assertion (A) : When direct debits are made by the bank on behalf of the customer, the balance in the passbook will be more when compared to the cash book.
Reason (R) : If an entry of payment has been recorded in the passbook but not in the cash book, then the balance of passbook will be less than of cash book.

Assertion (A) : When the cheques are not presented for payment, favourable
balance as per the cash book is less than that of the pass book.
Reason (R) :  If an entry of payment has been recorded in the pass book but not in the cash book, then the balance of pass book will be less than of cash book.

Assertion (A) : It is generally experienced that when a comparison is made between the bank balance as shown in the firm's cash book, the two balances do not tally.
Reason (R) : The differences between the cash book and the bank pass book are caused by either timing differences in recording of the transactions or errors made by the business or by the bank.

Assertion (A) : A bank reconciliation statement is a statement prepared to reconcile the bank balance as per cash book with the balance as per pass book or bank statement
Reason (R) : The amount of balance shown in the pass book or the bank statement must tally with the balance as shown in the cash book.