Political Science 5 Marks Question

• Equality is natural and the inequalities which we notice around us are created by society.
• People are naturally equal because of the common humanity.
• Inequality exists because of unequal opportunities and exploitation of one group from other groups in the society.
• Natural inequalities are those that emerge between people as a result of their different capabilities and talents.
• Social circumstances, situations and conditions help the individual to grow and develop her/ his talents and capabilities.
• Different status and roles are essential for smooth running of the society but these status and roles are decided by the society that shows inequality.
• Society categorises the people on the basis of race, gender, caste, class etc that create inequality.
• Thus, society labels certain race, gender, caste, class to be treated inferior or superior by creating stereotypes.

It refers to availability of equal opportunities to one and all present in the society, without any discrimination.
Absolute economic equality of income has never existed in society. But democratic set up provides equal opportunities to at least those who are capable and possess potential with equal opportunities, inequalities may exist between individuals, but one’s position may be improved with the sincere efforts in the society.

1. Economic Inequalities:

1. Economic inequalities exist if there are differences in wealth, property or income between different sections of society.
2. It enhances the gap between the upper, middle,poor-rich and persons living below the poverty line

2. Measurement of economic inequalities:

1. To estimate the number of people who are living below the poverty line.
2. To find out the differences between the rich and poor.

3. Importance of economic equality:

1. Economic equality guarantees each and everybody equal opportunities.
2. Economic equality reduces the gap between the rich and the poor or high or middle class,etc.
3. Economic disparities can make society more violent because the reforms cannot take place in such a society.